河套干旱地区夏季边界层结构特征观测分析

doi:10.7522/j.isnn.1000-0240.2015.0139

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用2013年夏季7月爱尔达K/LLX802J型机动式边界层风廓线雷达获取的三维风场资料和银川站高空气象探测资料,对河套干旱地区夏季边界层日变化特征进行了分析.结果表明:爱尔达K/LLX802J型机动式风廓线雷达能较好的反映并分辨出夏季河套干旱地区边界层内大气湍流和风场的演变过程.夏季7月河套干旱地区边界层高度白天平均为2127.2 m,夜间平均为1760.7 m,白天边界层高度比夜间平均高366.5 m.河套干旱区夏季地表非绝热加热对边界层的影响主要集中在800 m以下,800~2000 m高度边界层则主要受昼夜交替和大尺度天气系统的影响.夏季7月河套干旱地区边界层风速在300 m以下随高度增加而增大,离地500 m以下边界层易在北京时间07:00-11:00和18:00-21:00时段发生风速切变;300 m以下边界层白天盛行西南偏南风、夜间盛行南风,300~2000 m高度边界层白天和夜间均盛行东南风;离地300 m以下边界层易在夜间21:00-23:00时出现风向切变.夏季7月白天河套干旱地区边界层大气垂直速度在300 m高度以下随高度增加而增大,由0.3 m·s^-1增大到0.6 m·s^-1,夜间边界层大气垂直速度在200 m高度以下随高度增大而增大;300 m高度以上边界层大气垂直速度无论昼夜随高度变化均较小.

关键词: 边界层演变特征, 风廓线雷达, 折射率结构常数, 低空风切变, 河套干旱地区

Abstract: The atmospheric boundary layer structure characteristics over the Hetao-Arid Region in summer were investigated by using observational data by the mobile boundary layer wind profile radar(Airda K/LLX802J) in July, 2013 and the radiosonde data in Yinchuan. The daily variation of meteorological elements in the boundary layer, such as wind, temperature, atmosphere refractive index structure constant, relative humidity and vertical velocity were analyzed. It was revealed that the atmospheric refractive index structure constant detected by the Airda K/LLX802J wind profiler radar can better reflect and distinguish the turbulence occurrence, development, and the wind change and wind shear in the boundary layer over the Hetao-Arid Region in Northwest China. The summer average boundary layer height(BLH) of the region was 2127.2 m in daytime and 1760.7 m in nighttime in July. The BLH of daytime was 366.5 m higher than that of nighttime. The strong atmospheric convection activities over the Hetao-Arid Region were mainly concentrated in the boundary layer below 800 m, and the convective activity was weak between 800 m and 2000 m in summer. Non-adiabatic heating of Hetao-Arid Region's land surface to air temperature and water vapor content was mainly took place in the boundary layer below 800 m in summer. In contrast, the changes of air temperature and water vapor content in the boundary layer between 800 and 2000 m over the region mainly affected by the day-night alternating and the large-scale weather systems. In summer, wind speed in Hetao-Arid Region increased with height in the boundary layer below 300 m. Wind speed shear was easy to take place at 07:00-11:00 and 18:00-21:00 in the boundary layer below 500 m. In the boundary layer below 300 m, SSW wind prevailed in daytime, and southerly wind prevailed in nighttime, but the southeast wind always prevailed in the boundary layer from 300 to 2000 m. Meanwhile, the wind direction shear was prone to take place in the boundary layer below 300 m at 21:00-23:00 in summer. Due to the diurnal variations of solar radiation, land surface heating, surface evaporation and influence of the surface roughness, the vertical velocity over the Hetao-Arid Region increased with height in the boundary layer below 300 m at daytime and below 200 m at nighttime, but nearly did not change from 300 m to 2000 m boundary layer at daytime and nighttime in the summer.

Key words: boundary layer evolution features, wind profile radar, atmosphere refractive index structure constant, low-level wind shear, Hetao-Arid Region

中图分类号:

P412.2

崔洋, 常倬林, 桑建人, 左河疆. 河套干旱地区夏季边界层结构特征观测分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2015, 37(5): 1257-1267.

CUI Yang, CHANG Zhuolin, SANG Jianren, ZUO Hejiang. The atmospheric boundary layer structure characteristics over the Hetao-Arid Region in summer:observation and analysis[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2015, 37(5): 1257-1267.

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