ERA-Interim地表温度数据集在青藏高原冻土分布制图应用的适用性评估

doi:10.7522/j.isnn.1000-0240.2015.0170

冰川冻土 ›› 2015, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 1534-1543.doi: 10.7522/j.isnn.1000-0240.2015.0170

ERA-Interim地表温度数据集在青藏高原冻土分布制图应用的适用性评估

秦艳慧^{1 2}, 吴通华¹, 李韧¹, 谢昌卫¹, 邹德富^{1 2}, 张乐乐^{1 2}, 王田野^{1 2}, 余文君^{1 2}, 王蔚华^{1 2}

1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所青藏高原冰冻圈观测研究站/冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2015-07-14 修回日期:2015-09-26 出版日期:2015-12-25 发布日期:2016-05-11
通讯作者: 吴通华,E-mail:thuawu@lzb.ac.cn. E-mail:thuawu@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:秦艳慧(1989-),女,内蒙古赤峰人,2012年毕业于山东建筑大学,现为中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所在读博士研究生,从事冻土环境与GIS方面的研究.E-mail:yanhui_19890405@163.com
基金资助:
国家重大科学研究计划项目(2013CBA01803);国家自然科学基金项目(41271086;41271081);中国科学院"百人计划"(51Y251571;51Y551831)资助

The applicability of ERA-Interim land surface temperature dataset to map the permafrost distribution over the Tibetan Plateau

QIN Yanhui^{1 2}, WU Tonghua¹, LI Ren¹, XIE Changwei¹, ZOU Defu^{1 2}, ZHANG Lele^{1 2}, WANG Tianye^{1 2}, YU Wenjun^{1 2}, WANG Weihua^{1 2}

1. Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau / State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2015-07-14 Revised:2015-09-26 Online:2015-12-25 Published:2016-05-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 地表温度综合反映了大气、植被和土壤等因素的能量交换状况, 是冻土分布模型和一些寒区陆面过程模式的上边界条件, 对多年冻土分布制图和活动层厚度估算有重要意义. 为了评估ERA-Interim 地表温度产品在青藏高原地区的适用性, 综合比较了青藏高原69个海拔2 000 m以上气象站1981-2013年地面实际观测值与ERA-Interim之间的差异及其分布状况. 结果表明, 两种资料的变化趋势一致, 但是ERA-Interim地表温度在数值上与实际观测值差别显著, 平均偏低7.4℃. 原因之一可能是由ERA-Interim再分析资料格点的海拔高度与气象站实际海拔高度差异引起的. 根据两种温度产品之间海拔的差异, 对ERA-Interim地表温度重新进行模拟, 经过模拟后的ERA-Interim地表温度与实际观测值的差值在大部分气象站变小, 平均偏高0.4℃. 因此, 经过重新模拟的ERA-Interim地表温度基本能够反映青藏高原地表温度的真实情况. 以模拟后的ERA-Interim地表温度作为地面冻结数模型的输入参数模拟了青藏高原冻土分布, 结果表明青藏高原多年冻土区面积为1.14×10⁶ km², 季节冻土区面积为1.43×10⁶km².

关键词: 青藏高原, ERA-Interim地表温度, 冻土分布

Abstract: Land surface temperature (LST) reflects the impact of local factors, such as vegetation, soil and the atmosphere of a region, on the ground thermal regime. LST is the boundary condition of many permafrost distribution models and land surface models in the cold regions. It is of great significance for mapping permafrost and estimating the active layer thickness as well. In order to assess the applicability of the ERA-Interim LST on the Tibetan Plateau, observations from 69 meteorological stations at the altitude more than 2 000 m a.s.l., were compared with the ERA-Interim LST from 1981 to 2013. The difference between the two datasets and the spatial distribution of their differences were analyzed. The results showed that the changing trends of ERA-Interim LST and of observation were consistent, but numerically the former was significantly lower than the latter, with an average bias of 7.4℃. The great bias could be due to the difference between the elevation of ERA-Interim reanalysis data grid and the altitude of meteorological stations. According to the elevation difference, simulation of the ERA-Interim LST was rerun. Thus, most of ERA-Interim LST fitted well with the observation, with an average bias of 0.4℃. Although there is still some bias between the two, it is useful to apply the reanalysis dataset in the west of the Tibetan Plateau, where few observation records are available. Finally, the simulated ERA-Interim LST was used as an input parameter to the permafrost distribution model. The modeling results show that the permafrost area on the plateau is 1.14×10⁶km² approximately and the area of seasonal frozen soil is 1.43×10⁶km².

Key words: Tibetan Plateau, ERA-Interim land surface temperature, permafrost distribution

中图分类号:

P412.11

秦艳慧, 吴通华, 李韧, 谢昌卫, 邹德富, 张乐乐, 王田野, 余文君, 王蔚华. ERA-Interim地表温度数据集在青藏高原冻土分布制图应用的适用性评估[J]. 冰川冻土, 2015, 37(6): 1534-1543.

QIN Yanhui, WU Tonghua, LI Ren, XIE Changwei, ZOU Defu, ZHANG Lele, WANG Tianye, YU Wenjun, WANG Weihua. The applicability of ERA-Interim land surface temperature dataset to map the permafrost distribution over the Tibetan Plateau[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2015, 37(6): 1534-1543.

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ERA-Interim地表温度数据集在青藏高原冻土分布制图应用的适用性评估

The applicability of ERA-Interim land surface temperature dataset to map the permafrost distribution over the Tibetan Plateau

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