青藏铁路沿线高寒草甸植物群落特征对人为干扰梯度的响应——以风火山高山嵩草草甸为例

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2006.0034

冰川冻土 ›› 2006, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 240-248.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2006.0034

青藏铁路沿线高寒草甸植物群落特征对人为干扰梯度的响应——以风火山高山嵩草草甸为例

周国英^1,2, 陈桂琛¹, 陈志国¹, 马世震¹, 韩友吉¹

1. 中国科学院, 西北高原生物研究所, 青海, 西宁, 810001;
2. 中国科学院, 研究生院, 北京, 100049

收稿日期:2005-08-29 修回日期:2005-12-16 出版日期:2006-04-25 发布日期:2012-04-26
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX1-SW-04);中国科学院研究生科学与社会实践资助专项;中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养项目"青藏铁路高海拔地区植物繁育及其栽培技术研究"资助

Response of the Characteristics of Alpine Meadow Plant Community to Disturbance Gradient of Human along Qinghai-Tibet Railway: A Case Study in the Alpine Meadow in Fenghuoshan Area

ZHOU Guo-ying^1,2, CHEN Gui-chen¹, CHEN Zhi-guo¹, MA Shi-zhen¹, HAN You-ji¹

1. Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining Qinghai 810008, China;
2. Graduate Unversity of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China

Received:2005-08-29 Revised:2005-12-16 Online:2006-04-25 Published:2012-04-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选择风火山地区受到人为干扰的高寒草甸,对处于不同干扰梯度的高寒草甸植物群落,用样带法进行调查.共调查5条样带,50个样方.统计植物的科属组成,计测其群落盖度、频度指标以及物种丰富度指数、多样性指数及均匀度指数等.对不同干扰梯度上的植物群落结构及其物种组成特点进行分析,结果表明:青藏铁路沿线的高寒草甸随着人为干扰的强度的增加,植物群落的科、属、种组成趋向单一;群落中起显著作用的物种趋向是高山嵩草→高山嵩草和矮嵩草→早熟禾和扇穗茅→早熟禾→羊茅和早熟禾;按照植物种群的重要值对干扰梯度的响应,该地区植物种群可被划分为3类响应模式,即忍耐型种、敏感型种和扩展型种.随着干扰强度的增加,物种丰富度指数和物种多样性随着干扰增加而降低.干扰梯度与有机质含量、全氮、水解氮、全磷、速效磷均呈显著相关,但是与全钾和速效钾相关关系不明显.

关键词: 青藏铁路, 群落结构, 物种多样性, 土壤养分, 人为干扰

Abstract: The alpine meadow communities under different human disturbance in Fenghuoshan area along the Qinghai-Tibet railway were selected to investigation.Five sampling lines were designed and 50 plots were investigated with the sample line transect.Based on the plot data,community characteristics were analyzed,such as the specific composition,the families and genera,the community physiognomy,and so on.In the alpine meadow communities,the frequency index,coverage index and species diversity index(Shannon-Wiener index H′,and Hill index D₁),the richness index(R₀) and the evenness index(E₁) were counted. It is found that the more intense of human disturbance,the more simple of the community composition of the family,genus and species.Along with the increase of human disturbance intensity,the species diversity index and the richness index reduce and the dominate plant species of communities trend from Kobresia pygmaea,K. pygmaea and K. humilis,Poa spp.and Littledalea racemosa,Poa spp.to Festuca spp.and Poa spp.According to the importance value of population responded to human disturbance gradient,the plant species in the area can be divided into 3 response species groups: invasive species group,sensitive species group and tolerant species group.The disturbance gradient was evidently correlative with the content of organic matter,total nitrogen,hydrolyze nitrogen,total phosphorus,readily available phosphorus,but that with total kalium and readily available kalium is not obvious.

Key words: Qinghai-Tibet railway, structure of community, species diversity, soil nutrient, disturbance of human

中图分类号:

Q948.15⁺4

周国英, 陈桂琛, 陈志国, 马世震, 韩友吉. 青藏铁路沿线高寒草甸植物群落特征对人为干扰梯度的响应——以风火山高山嵩草草甸为例[J]. 冰川冻土, 2006, 28(2): 240-248.

ZHOU Guo-ying, CHEN Gui-chen, CHEN Zhi-guo, MA Shi-zhen, HAN You-ji. Response of the Characteristics of Alpine Meadow Plant Community to Disturbance Gradient of Human along Qinghai-Tibet Railway: A Case Study in the Alpine Meadow in Fenghuoshan Area[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2006, 28(2): 240-248.

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青藏铁路沿线高寒草甸植物群落特征对人为干扰梯度的响应——以风火山高山嵩草草甸为例

Response of the Characteristics of Alpine Meadow Plant Community to Disturbance Gradient of Human along Qinghai-Tibet Railway: A Case Study in the Alpine Meadow in Fenghuoshan Area

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