南水北调西线工程区降水特征分析

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2007.0138

冰川冻土 ›› 2007, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 813-818.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2007.0138

南水北调西线工程区降水特征分析

文莉娟¹, 吕世华¹, 韦志刚¹, 李振朝¹, 李锁锁¹, 高治定², 慕平², 雷鸣², 宋伟华²

1. 中国科学院, 寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 西部气候与环境灾害实验室, 甘肃, 兰州, 730000;
2. 黄河水利委员会勘测规划设计有限公司, 河南, 郑州, 450003

收稿日期:2007-02-09 修回日期:2007-05-20 出版日期:2007-10-25 发布日期:2012-04-26
基金资助:
黄河水利委员会委托项目“南水北调西线第一期工程引水区与黄河上游丰枯水年气象成因条件分析”资助

The Precipitation Characteristics in the South to North Water Transfer Area of West China

WEN Li-juan¹, LÜ Shi-hua¹, WEI Zhi-gang¹, LI Zhen-chao¹, LI Suo-suo¹, GAO Zhi-ding², MU Ping², LEI Ming², SONG Wei-hua²

1. Laboratory of Climate Environment and Disasters of Western China, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou Gansu 730000, China;
2. Yellow River Engineering Consulting Company, Zhengzhou Henan 450003, China

Received:2007-02-09 Revised:2007-05-20 Online:2007-10-25 Published:2012-04-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用30个站的1965-2000年日降水资料,分析了南水北调西线工程区的降水气候特征、降水过程特征和降水极值特征.结果表明:该区多年平均降水量为520.5 mm,年降水量等值线呈东北-西南向分布,由西北向东南递增,半干旱区和湿润地区年降水量的分界线在该区沿玉树-清水河-大武-河南-合作-临洮一线分布;降水过程大部分大于5 d,降水集中在3 d左右,过程降水量可分为纬向类和斜向类两种,斜向类占大多数,其中斜向类又可分为西北-东南向、东北-西南向两种,以西北-东南向的发生较多.降水中心由西北向东南方向移动,或中心变动不大,但范围先加大后减小.在所有降水过程中,一日最大雨量出现在壤塘的频率最高,其次为若尔盖和临洮;3 d最大降水量最频繁发生在临洮,其次为壤塘和若尔盖.18次过程降水极值分布与多年的年降水量大值区相对应.1965年、1984年、1992年过程降水偏弱,1981年、1989年、1999年过程降水偏强.

关键词: 降水气候特征, 降水过程特征, 降水极值特征, 降水过程, 南水北调西线工程区, 降水气候特征, 降水过程特征, 降水极值特征, 降水过程, 南水北调西线工程区

Abstract: The climatic characteristics of precipitation and the maximum precipitation in the west course of the South to North Water Transfer were analyzed using the daily precipitation data of thirty meteorological stations from 1965 to 2000.It is revealed that the mean annual precipitation is 520.5 mm.The contour lines of the mean annual precipitation run from northeast to southwest.The diversion from the semi-arid region to humid region runs along Yushu-Qingshuihe-Dawu-Henan-Hezuo-Lintao.Precipitation processes are almost longer than five days;most of them are in three days.According to the shape of precipitation,the precipitation process could be classified as two categories.One is latitudinal,and the other is diagonal.The latter has a larger percentage,with northwest-southeast and northeast-southwest shapes.The center of precipitation often moved from northwest to southeast.Sometimes the center moved a little,but the rain area is large and then gradually shrinking.The 1-day maximum precipitation occurs mostly in Rangtang,following in Ruoergai and Lintao.The 3-day maximum precipitation occurs mostly in Lintao,following in Zoig? and Rangtang.The extreme values of the 18 precipitation processes are distributed similarly to the extreme values of mean annual precipitation.For the eight high water years,the precipitation processes in 1984 and 1992 were weaker and those in 1981,1989 and 1999 were stronger.

Key words: climatic characteristics of precipitation, characteristics of precipitation, characteristics of the maximum precipitation, west course of the South to North Water Transfer, climatic characteristics of precipitation, characteristics of precipitation, characteristics of the maximum precipitation, west course of the South to North Water Transfer

中图分类号:

P426.61⁺4

文莉娟, 吕世华, 韦志刚, 李振朝, 李锁锁, 高治定, 慕平, 雷鸣, 宋伟华. 南水北调西线工程区降水特征分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2007, 29(5): 813-818.

WEN Li-juan, LÜ Shi-hua, WEI Zhi-gang, LI Zhen-chao, LI Suo-suo, GAO Zhi-ding, MU Ping, LEI Ming, SONG Wei-hua. The Precipitation Characteristics in the South to North Water Transfer Area of West China[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2007, 29(5): 813-818.

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南水北调西线工程区降水特征分析

The Precipitation Characteristics in the South to North Water Transfer Area of West China

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