1960-2010年黑河流域冰川变化的遥感监测

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2013.0066

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用1960年地形图、 1990年、 2000年和2010年TM影像, 采用基于冰雪指数(NDSII)和原始波段的面向对象解译方法, 提取黑河流域4个时期的冰川分布, 结合30 m分辨率的DEM数据, 利用遥感、地理信息系统技术对冰川的时空分布变化及原因和不确定性进行分析. 结果表明: 从1960-2010年50 a间黑河流域上游冰川持续退缩, 面积共减少138.90 km², 减少率为35.6%, 平均每年减少2.78 km², 祁连山中段冰川属于强烈退缩型. 祁连山中段黑河流域冰川主要分布在海拔4 200~5 300 m之间, 冰川分布下限为海拔4 000 m; 冰川退缩主要发生在低海拔地区, 冰川的退缩上限为海拔4 600 m.气温的显著上升是研究区冰川退缩的关键因素, 气候持续变暖将会导致冰川退缩加剧.

关键词: 黑河流域, 冰川退缩, 遥感, 气候变化, GIS &, RS, 面向对象解译方法

Abstract:

The upper reaches of the Heihe River was selected as a study area. Based on topographic maps in 1960 and Landsat TM images in 1990, 2000 and 2010, glaciers distribution for four periods have been automatically derived by object-oriented image interpretation method combined with expert knowledge. Spatial-temporal distribution and changes of glaciers are analyzed with GIS an RS method. It is found that during 1960 2010, glaciers had shrunk significantly by 138.90 km² in total, and the ratio of retreated glacierized area to the glacierized area in 1960 is 35.6%, with a retreating rate of 2.78 km² per year. Glaciers are mainly located in the western and middle portions of the study area, ranging from 4 200 to 5 300 m in altitude. The lower limit of glacier distribution is 4 000 m. The glacier retreat is found in the low elevation with an upper limit of 4 600 m a.s.l. Air temperature rising is considered to be the key factor of glacier retreat in this region. Glaciers will markedly shrink owing to continuous climate warming.

Key words: Heihe River basin, glacier retreat, remote sensing, climate change, GIS &, RS, object-oriented image interpretation method

中图分类号:

P343.6

别强, 强文丽, 王超, 何磊, 赵传燕. 1960-2010年黑河流域冰川变化的遥感监测[J]. 冰川冻土, 2013, 35(3): 574-582.

BIE Qiang, QIANG Wen-li, WANG Chao, HE Lei, ZHAO Chuan-yan. Monitoring Glacier Variation in the Upper Reaches of the Heihe River Based on Remote Sensing in 1960-2010[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2013, 35(3): 574-582.

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