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冰川冻土 ›› 2013, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 723-732.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2013.0082

• 寒旱区水文水资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

2003-2011年青藏高原佩枯错相对水量变化及其对气候变化的响应

戴玉凤1,2, 高杨1, 张国庆1, 向洋1,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院青藏高原研究所, 北京 100101;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-04 修回日期:2013-04-22 出版日期:2013-07-25 发布日期:2013-07-25
  • 作者简介:戴玉凤(1986- ),女,福建泉州人,2009 年毕业于泉州师范学院,现为在读硕士研究生,主要从事遥感与湖泊环境研究. E-mail: yufengdai@itpcas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类); 国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(41101037; 41101072)资助

Water Volume Change of the Paiku Co in the Southern Tibetan Plateau and Its Response to Climate Change in 2003-2011

DAI Yu-feng1,2, GAO Yang1, ZHANG Guo-qing1, XIANG Yang1,2   

  1. 1. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2013-01-04 Revised:2013-04-22 Online:2013-07-25 Published:2013-07-25

摘要:

湖泊的退缩与扩张是全球气候变化的指示器.利用2003-2011年Landsat ETM数据和2003-2009年ICESat激光测高数据, 分别对青藏高原佩枯错湖泊的面积和高程变化进行了分析, 并进一步估算了湖泊2003-2009年相对水量变化.结果表明: 佩枯错面积年内变化明显, 湖泊面积冬季最小, 春季出现小峰值, 秋季达到最大; 面积年内波动明显(1.18%), 但在冬季、 春季和秋季相对稳定, 波动范围分别为0.26%、 0.1%和0.29%. 2003-2011年湖泊呈退缩趋势, 冬季、 春季和秋季面积年际变化率分别为-0.52 km2·a-1、-0.35 km2·a-1和-0.61 km2·a-1; 2003-2009年间湖泊水位下降了1.17 m, 变化率为-0.05 m·a-1; 2003-2010年, 冬季总水量减少了2.51×108 m3, 春季总水量减少了1.74×108m3, 秋季总水量减少了2.80×108 m3, 平均相对水量变化率分别为-0.35×108 m3·a-1、-0.21×108 m3·a-1、-0.37×108 m3·a-1. 从空间上看, 湖泊退缩主要发生在东北角、 东南角和西南角.气候因素分析表明, 佩枯错湖泊退缩秋季主要是因为夏半年平均气温的升高, 冬季和春季则主要是因为冬半年降水量的减少.

关键词: 青藏高原, 佩枯错, 水量变化, ICESat, Landsat

Abstract:

Lake shrinkage and expansion is an indicator of global climate change. In this study, variation in lake area and water level of the Paiku Co in southern Tibetan Plateau was examined by Landsat ETM images from 2003 to 2011 and ICESat altimetry data from 2003 to 2009. The results are as follows: 1) the monthly variation of the lake area is apparent. However, seasonal fluctuation of it is small, based on which further calculating is feasibility; 2) the lake area had decreased obviously from 2003 to 2011, with the rate of 0.52 km2·a-1 in winter, 0.35 km2·a-1 in spring and 0.61 km2·a-1 in autumn; 3) the lake level had decreased 1.17 m from 2003 to 2009 with the rate of 0.05 m·a-1; 4) from 2003 to 2009, the water storage had decreased 0.35×108 m3·a-1in winter, 0.21×108 m3·a-1in spring and 0.37×108 m·a-1in autumn; 5) spatially, the most obviously retreating parts were the northeast corner, the southeast corner and the southwest corner. Meteorological analysis shows that the increase of air temperature in summer will be the dominant factor for the reduction of the lake in autumn, while the decrease of precipitation in winter will induce lake shrinking in winter and spring.

Key words: Tibetan Plateau, Paiku Co, water volume change, ICESat, Landsat

中图分类号: 

  • P343.3