新疆艾比湖地区盐尘的沉积通量及其物质组成

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2014.0043

冰川冻土 ›› 2014, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 352-359.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2014.0043

新疆艾比湖地区盐尘的沉积通量及其物质组成

刘东伟^1,2, 吉力力·阿不都外力², 王立新¹

1. 内蒙古大学环境与资源学院, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010021;
2. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2013-11-25 修回日期:2014-03-11 出版日期:2014-04-25 发布日期:2014-05-20
作者简介:刘东伟（1982-），男，山东东明人，讲师，2011年在中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所获博士学位，现主要从事土壤风蚀、湿地生态恢复及GIS空间分析方面的研究. E-mail：ldw001@foxmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目项目（41201539）；中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养计划项目；中国博士后基金（2013M530439）；国家科技支撑计划项目（2011BAC02B03）资助

Sediment fluxes and material composition of the salt dust in Ebinur Lake region, Xinjiang

LIU Dongwei^1,2, Jilili Abuduwaili², WANG Lixin¹

1. College of Environment and Resources, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China;
2. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vrümqi 830011, China

Received:2013-11-25 Revised:2014-03-11 Online:2014-04-25 Published:2014-05-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以新疆准噶尔盆地西部的艾比湖地区为研究区，通过野外降尘监测、采样分析等方法，研究了艾比湖地区含盐粉尘的沉积通量和物质组成特征. 结果表明：艾比湖干涸湖底是盐尘的输出源，盐尘的化学组成主要是无水芒硝、白钠镁矾、氯化钠等盐碱粉尘及Cr、Pb、Mn、Cu、Ni等潜在毒性元素. 艾比湖地区盐尘的沉积通量约为79~381 g·m^-2·a^-1，盐的沉积通量约为4~61 g·m^-2·a^-1. 盐尘的粒径分布以2~63 μm的粉砂粒级为主，大于63 μm的砂粒级所占比例很小. 特殊的地形条件、大风天气、稀疏的植被覆盖、疏松的大面积尘源是艾比湖湖底风蚀和盐尘输送的有利条件.

关键词: 干涸湖底, 风蚀, 盐尘, 艾比湖, 新疆

Abstract: In many arid and semiarid lands, dry lake beds (saline playa) are tremendous sources of unconsolidated salt-rich sediments in favor of aeolian material transport. Severe salt-dust storms caused by the erosion of such landforms have become very harmful natural phenomena. Taking the playa of Ebinur Lake, a large mineral aerosol source in the western Junggar Basin in Xinjiang, China, as the study site, through field investigation and sample analysis, the sediment fluxes, material composition and particle size distribution of the saline dust are studied in this paper. The sediment fluxes of atmospheric dust fall (containing salt) range from about 79 to 381 g·m^-2·a^-1 in Ebinur Lake region. The salinity of the dust ranges from 43 to 185 g·kg^-1 and the sediment fluxes of salts range from 4 to 61 g·m^-2·a^-1. The dust is a chemical dust, which consists of dense fine sulfates, chlorides and potentially toxic elements, and causes serious air pollution, resulting in soil salinization and vegetation degradation.

Key words: playa, wind erosion, salt dust, Ebinur Lake, Xinjiang

中图分类号:

P512.32

刘东伟, 吉力力·阿不都外力, 王立新. 新疆艾比湖地区盐尘的沉积通量及其物质组成[J]. 冰川冻土, 2014, 36(2): 352-359.

LIU Dongwei, Jilili Abuduwaili, WANG Lixin. Sediment fluxes and material composition of the salt dust in Ebinur Lake region, Xinjiang[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2014, 36(2): 352-359.

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新疆艾比湖地区盐尘的沉积通量及其物质组成

Sediment fluxes and material composition of the salt dust in Ebinur Lake region, Xinjiang

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