北疆地区积雪时空变化的影响因素分析

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2014.0061

冰川冻土 ›› 2014, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 508-516.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2014.0061

北疆地区积雪时空变化的影响因素分析

王宏伟^1,2,3, 黄春林^1,3, 郝晓华^1,3, 张璞⁴, 侯金亮^1,2,3

1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京, 100049;
3. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所黑河遥感试验研究站, 甘肃兰州 730000;
4. 乌鲁木齐气象卫星地面站, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830002

收稿日期:2013-11-29 修回日期:2014-02-23 出版日期:2014-06-25 发布日期:2014-07-16
作者简介:王宏伟（1986-），男，甘肃定西人，2012年毕业于兰州交通大学，现为硕士研究生，主要从事定量遥感、陆面数据同化研究.E-mail:wanghw_ucas@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41271358）；中国科学院“百人计划”项目“寒旱区地表水文关键要素的多源遥感数据同化研究”（29Y127D01）资助

Analyses of the spatiotemporal variations of snow cover in North Xinjiang

WANG Hongwei^1,2,3, HUANG Chunlin^1,3, HAO Xiaohua^1,3, ZHANG Pu⁴, HOU Jinliang^1,2,3

1. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Heihe Remote Sensing Experimental Research Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
4. Vrümqi Meteorological Satellite Ground Station, Vrümqi 830002, China

Received:2013-11-29 Revised:2014-02-23 Online:2014-06-25 Published:2014-07-16
Contact: 黄春林，E-mail:huangcl@lzb.ac.cn E-mail:huangcl@lzb.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用新疆北部地区2000-2007年观测的积雪资料分析北疆地区积雪开始时间、积雪结束时间、积雪日数、年最大雪深、积雪期平均雪深和年平均雪深随海拔、经纬度、坡度、坡向和植被的变化. 结果表明：随着海拔增加，积雪各变量变化明显，温度在海拔变化中起着关键作用；植被对积雪各变量有影响，但影响程度不明显. 在北疆区域范围内，纬度变化及温度差异不大，对积雪各变量影响很小；经度对积雪各变量的影响是由空间差异造成的；坡度对积雪变量的影响主要通过空间分布及坡度产生的阴影造成，进而影响太阳直射；坡向对积雪各变量的影响主要由水汽运动方向和太阳光照造成. 因此，在北疆区域内，对积雪各变量的影响程度为海拔>坡向>坡度>植被>纬度>经度.

关键词: 数字地面模型, 坡度, 坡向, 积雪, 时空变化

Abstract: Based on snow depth observations at 37 meteorological stations located in North Xinjiang from 2000 to 2007, effects of geographic parameters (longitude, latitude, elevation, slope and aspect) and land cover on six snow cover variables (the start date of snow accumulation, the end date of snowmelt, snow cover days, the annual maximum snow depth, the mean snow depth during the snow cover period and the annual mean snow depth) were analyze and explored. It is revealed that snow cover variables are changing very significantly with elevation gradient; temperature plays an important role in snow cover distribution; slope and aspect change sun lighting condition and water vapor transport, but these effects are slight to snow cover variables and snow cover distribution. Additionally, effects of land cover, latitude and longitude on snow cover variables are not significant. On basis of statistics of correlation coefficients, it is clear that on the six snow cover variables, the effects of the geographic parameters can be ranked as follow: altitude> aspect >slope>vegetation >latitude> longitude.

Key words: digital elevation model, slope, aspect, snow cover, temporal and spatial variation

中图分类号:

P426.63+5

王宏伟, 黄春林, 郝晓华, 张璞, 侯金亮. 北疆地区积雪时空变化的影响因素分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2014, 36(3): 508-516.

WANG Hongwei, HUANG Chunlin, HAO Xiaohua, ZHANG Pu, HOU Jinliang. Analyses of the spatiotemporal variations of snow cover in North Xinjiang[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2014, 36(3): 508-516.

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北疆地区积雪时空变化的影响因素分析

Analyses of the spatiotemporal variations of snow cover in North Xinjiang

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