天山南坡清水河流域径流过程对气候变化的响应

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2014.0082

冰川冻土 ›› 2014, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 685-690.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2014.0082

天山南坡清水河流域径流过程对气候变化的响应

周京武¹, 阿不力米提·阿不力克木², 毛炜峄³, 焦梦婕⁴, 安曼榕⁵, 沈永平⁶

1. 新疆巴音郭楞水文水资源勘测局, 新疆库尔勒 842000;
2. 新疆吐鲁番水文水资源勘测局, 新疆吐鲁番 838000;
3. 新疆气候中心, 乌鲁木齐 830001;
4. 华南理工大学土木与交通学院, 广东广州 510641;
5. 天水师范学院, 甘肃天水 7410004;
6. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2014-01-10 修回日期:2014-03-20 出版日期:2014-06-25 发布日期:2014-07-16
作者简介:周京武（1961-）男，河南南阳人，工程师，2006年毕业于新疆农业大学，现主要从事水文水资源研究和利用工作.E-mail:1519652560@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41201062；41271083；41271035）资助

The responses of the runoff processes to climate change in the Qingshuihe River watershed on the southern slope of Tianshan Mountains

ZHOU Jingwu¹, Abulimiti Ablikim², MAO Weiyi³, JIAO Mengjie⁴, AN Manrong⁵, SHEN Yongping⁶

1. Bayingolin Hydrology and Water Resources Reconnaissance Bureau, Korla 842000, Xinjiang, China;
2. Turpan Hydrology and Water Resources Reconnaissance Bureau, Turpan 838000, Xinjiang, China;
3. Xinjiang Climate Center, Vrümqi 830001, China;
4. Civil and Traffic College of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China;
5. Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui 741000, Gansu, China;
6. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2014-01-10 Revised:2014-03-20 Online:2014-06-25 Published:2014-07-16
Contact: 沈永平，E-mail:shenyp@lzb.ac.cn E-mail:shenyp@lzb.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 干旱区的高山寒区水文过程对气候变化特别敏感，冰川、积雪和冻土变化产生的水文效应对下游水资源供给具有重要影响. 以天山南坡清水河流域为研究区域，通过分析水文站径流变化，结合流域上游山区巴伦台的气象资料，研究了高寒流域在气候变化背景下径流过程的响应特征. 结果表明：降水变化决定着径流过程，但气温上升对径流产生额外影响；气温变化产生的径流变化对径流产生延迟效应，冬季径流明显增加. 南疆天山地区冬季积雪较少，产生的春季融水径流不明显；夏季降水和径流同期出现，使得高寒山区水文过程对固体降水变化不敏感；冻土退化产生的水文效应使冬季径流增加明显. 为应对气候变化对水文过程产生的影响，应加强山区水库建设，通过工程措施调节，保障持续的水资源供给和利用.

关键词: 寒区, 水文过程, 气候变化, 调节, 天山

Abstract: The hydrological processes of the alpine cold regions are particularly sensitive to climate change in arid areas. The hydrological effects of glaciers, snow and permafrost changes have produced a significant impact on the downstream water supply. Take the Qingshuihe River Basin which located on the southern slope of Tianshan Mountains as the study area, by the analysis of the runoff changes, and combined with the meteorological data of the Baluntai Meteorological Stations in the upstream mountainous, the response characteristics of the alpine watershed runoff process in the context of climate change was studied. The results showed that, the runoff process is subject to the changes in precipitation, but there is an additional influenced on runoff by the temperature increasing. The runoff change resulted from climate change is delayed; there is a significant increase in winter runoff. The snow cover is less in Tianshan Mountains in the southern Xinjiang, and the runoff in spring is not obvious. The precipitation and runoff in summer occurs at the same time, which result in the hydrological process of alpine mountain is insensitive to changes in solid precipitation. The winter runoff increased significantly by the permafrost degradation. It should be strengthened to cope with the impact of climate change on hydrological processes that the mountain reservoir construction. And by the engineering measures regulation to safeguard sustainable water supply and use.

Key words: cold regions, hydrological processes, climate change, regulation, Tianshan Mountains

中图分类号:

P339

周京武, 阿不力米提·阿不力克木, 毛炜峄, 焦梦婕, 安曼榕, 沈永平. 天山南坡清水河流域径流过程对气候变化的响应[J]. 冰川冻土, 2014, 36(3): 685-690.

ZHOU Jingwu, Abulimiti Ablikim, MAO Weiyi, JIAO Mengjie, AN Manrong, SHEN Yongping. The responses of the runoff processes to climate change in the Qingshuihe River watershed on the southern slope of Tianshan Mountains[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2014, 36(3): 685-690.

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天山南坡清水河流域径流过程对气候变化的响应

The responses of the runoff processes to climate change in the Qingshuihe River watershed on the southern slope of Tianshan Mountains

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