青藏铁路沿线多年冻土分布特征及其对环境变化的响应

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2014.0093

冰川冻土 ›› 2014, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 772-781.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2014.0093

• 冻土与气候、人类活动、环境及其他问题的相互作用 • 上一篇下一篇

青藏铁路沿线多年冻土分布特征及其对环境变化的响应

尹国安^1,2, 牛富俊¹, 林战举¹, 罗京^1,2, 刘明浩^1,2, 李安原^1,2

1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2014-03-16 修回日期:2014-06-21 出版日期:2014-08-25 发布日期:2014-08-23
作者简介:尹国安（1988-），男，湖北宜昌人，2012年毕业于长安大学，现为中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所在读硕士研究生，主要从事寒区岩土工程及环境方面的研究.E-mail：yinguoan123@126.com
基金资助:
国家科技支撑计划项目（2014BAG05B05）；中国科学院西部行动计划项目（KZCX2-XB3-19）；国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）项目（2012CB026101）资助

The distribution characteristics of permafrost along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and their response to environmental change

YIN Guo'an^1,2, NIU Fujun¹, LIN Zhanju¹, LUO Jing^1,2, LIU Minghao^1,2, LI Anyuan^1,2

1. State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2014-03-16 Revised:2014-06-21 Online:2014-08-25 Published:2014-08-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对青藏高原特殊的自然气候条件，按照地形、地貌把青藏铁路沿线多年冻土分为15个区段，并分别介绍了各个区段多年冻土特征. 结果表明：在外界环境变化，包括全球气候变暖及工程活动的双重效应下，青藏铁路沿线多年冻土及其存在状态发生了极大变化，这些变化主要包括年平均气温升高、多年冻土退化、热融灾害增加、寒区工程病害不断加剧等. 多年冻土及其存在状态发生变化不但导致生态环境恶化，而且对青藏铁路沿寒区工程的安全运营、维护及发展提出新的挑战.

关键词: 青藏铁路, 多年冻土, 分布特征, 环境变化, 响应

Abstract: The distribution characteristics of permafrost along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway (QTR) are analyzed aiming to understand the special climate condition of the Tibetan Plateau. The railway can be divided into 15 sections by the topography and geomorphology, of which the characteristics and engineering geologic conditions are described. Studying the effect of environmental change, including climate change and engineering activities, on permafrost along the QTR and Qinghai-Tibet Highway indicates that the cutting excavation is one of the most important factors to disturb permafrost, which may lead to instability and slumping of slope, forming surface ponds and thermokarst lakes, result in slope cracking, collapse and slope toe softening, etc. Sand filling roadbed may give rise to warmer permafrost under the roadbed; the microclimate at two sides of roadbed plays an important role to increase surface temperature. Retaining water and drainage facilities also bring on decrease of the thawed depth of permafrost and the thawed roadbed and toe of slope. In sum, the single sand filling roadbed, cutting and surface engineering may lead to warmer permafrost obviously.

Key words: Qinghai-Tibet Railway, permafrost, distribution characteristics, environmental change, response

中图分类号:

P642.14

尹国安, 牛富俊, 林战举, 罗京, 刘明浩, 李安原. 青藏铁路沿线多年冻土分布特征及其对环境变化的响应[J]. 冰川冻土, 2014, 36(4): 772-781.

YIN Guo'an, NIU Fujun, LIN Zhanju, LUO Jing, LIU Minghao, LI Anyuan. The distribution characteristics of permafrost along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and their response to environmental change[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2014, 36(4): 772-781.

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青藏铁路沿线多年冻土分布特征及其对环境变化的响应

The distribution characteristics of permafrost along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and their response to environmental change

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