喜马拉雅山珠穆朗玛峰北坡绒布冰川度日因子研究

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2014.0132

冰川冻土 ›› 2014, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 1101-1110.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2014.0132

喜马拉雅山珠穆朗玛峰北坡绒布冰川度日因子研究

刘伟刚^1,2, 效存德^2,3, 刘景时⁴, 王建², 王航⁵, 柳景峰², 刘娜⁶, 张通², 林霞⁷, 邓诗光⁸

1. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所/甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室/中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730020;
2. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验, 甘肃兰州 730000;
3. 中国气象科学研究院, 北京 100081;
4. 中国科学院青藏高原研究所, 北京 100101;
5. 吉林省气象服务中心, 吉林长春 130000;
6. 国家气象信息中心, 北京 100081;
7. 山东省泰安市第一中学, 山东泰安 271000;
8. 黑龙江省伊春市乌伊岭区气象局, 黑龙江乌伊岭 153038

收稿日期:2014-03-03 修回日期:2014-05-10 出版日期:2014-10-25 发布日期:2014-11-19
通讯作者: 王航, E-mail:wang2hang2@163.com E-mail:wang2hang2@163.com
作者简介:刘伟刚(1980-), 男, 山东莱芜人, 副研究员, 2010年在中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所获博士学位, 现主要从事寒旱区水文和干旱过程研究. E-mail:liuweig@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重大科学研究计划(2013CBA01808);国家自然科学基金项目(41101073);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2007CB411503);冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLCS 2010-07)资助

Study of the degree-day factors on the Rongbuk Glacier in the Mt. Qomolangma, Central Himalayas

LIU Weigang^1,2, XIAO Cunde^2,3, LIU Jingshi⁴, WANG Jian², WANG Hang⁵, LIU Jingfeng², LIU Na⁶, ZHANG Tong², LIN Xia⁷, DENG Shiguang⁸

1. Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration/Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction of China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
3. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
4. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
5. Meteorological Service Center of Jilin Province, Changchun 130000, China;
6. National Meteorological Information Center, Beijing 100081, China;
7. No.1 Middle School of Tai'an, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China;
8. Wuyiling Meteorological Bureau, Wuyiling 153038, Heilongjiang, China

Received:2014-03-03 Revised:2014-05-10 Online:2014-10-25 Published:2014-11-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根据喜马拉雅山珠穆朗玛峰绒布冰川消融资料和同期气温数据, 分析了该冰川度日因子时空变化. 研究结果显示: 绒布冰川度日因子随海拔升高而增加, 海拔5 260 m、5 350 m、5 450 m、5 500 m 和5 750 m处冰川度日因子平均值分别为3.27 mm·℃^-1·d^-1、8.21 mm·℃^-1·d^-1、23.19 mm·℃^-1·d^-1、46.41 mm·℃^-1·d^-1和42.05 mm·℃^-1·d^-1; 不同厚度表碛下的冰川度日因子有所差异; 但对同一观测点来说, 度日因子随时间变化较小; 在喜马拉雅山南北坡海拔<5 350 m 的地区, 冰川度日因子普遍较小(<10.5 mm·℃^-1·d^-1); 而在南北坡海拔>5 350 m的地区, 度日因子普遍较大(大部分>15.8 mm·℃^-1·d^-1), 相比南坡, 喜马拉雅山北坡冰川度日因子更大.

关键词: 喜马拉雅山, 珠穆朗玛峰, 度日因子, 冰川消融

Abstract:

Based on data of meteorology and glacier ablation observed in 1959 and 2009, spatiotemporal variation of degree-day factor (DDF) on the Rongbuk Glacier in the Mt. Qomolangma of Central Himalayas was analyzed in this paper. It is found that DDF increased with altitude; the values of DDF at 5 260 m a.s.l., 5 350 m a.s.l., 5 450 m a.s.l., 5 500 m a.s.l. and 5 750 m a.s.l. were 3.27, 8.21, 23.19, 46.41 and 42.05 mm·℃^-1·d^-1, respectively. DDF varied less temporally for the same observational site. There was a few difference of DDF between observational sites with different thicknesses of debris. Generally DDF was less than 10.5 mm·℃^-1·d^-1 on both northern and southern slopes of the Himalayas at the altitude below 5 350 m a.s.l. When altitude was higher than 5 350 m a.s.l., DDFs on northern slopes of the Himalayas were larger than those on southern ones, with higher DDF in both slopes of the Himalayas (more than 15.8 mm·℃^-1·d^-1 in most areas).

Key words: Himalayas, Mt. Qomolangma (Mt. Everest), degree-day factor, glacier ablation

中图分类号:

P343.6

刘伟刚, 效存德, 刘景时, 王建, 王航, 柳景峰, 刘娜, 张通, 林霞, 邓诗光. 喜马拉雅山珠穆朗玛峰北坡绒布冰川度日因子研究[J]. 冰川冻土, 2014, 36(5): 1101-1110.

LIU Weigang, XIAO Cunde, LIU Jingshi, WANG Jian, WANG Hang, LIU Jingfeng, LIU Na, ZHANG Tong, LIN Xia, DENG Shiguang. Study of the degree-day factors on the Rongbuk Glacier in the Mt. Qomolangma, Central Himalayas[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2014, 36(5): 1101-1110.

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喜马拉雅山珠穆朗玛峰北坡绒布冰川度日因子研究

Study of the degree-day factors on the Rongbuk Glacier in the Mt. Qomolangma, Central Himalayas

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