基于气象要素的我国南方低温雨雪冰冻综合评估

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2015.0002

冰川冻土 ›› 2015, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 14-26.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2015.0002

基于气象要素的我国南方低温雨雪冰冻综合评估

毛淑君, 李栋梁

南京信息工程大学大气科学学院/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 江苏南京 210044

收稿日期:2014-07-21 修回日期:2014-11-03 出版日期:2015-02-25 发布日期:2015-03-23
通讯作者: 李栋梁,E-mail:lidl@nuist.edu.cn. E-mail:lidl@nuist.edu.cn
作者简介:毛淑君(1990-),女,江苏灌南人,2012年毕业于南京信息工程大学,现为在读硕士研究生,主要从事气候动力学与气候变化研究.E-mail:classicmaple1@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2013CB430202); 2011年度高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助课题(博导类)(20113228110003); 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)资助

Comprehensive assessment of low temperature, snow and freezing weather in southern China based on meteorological elements

MAO Shujun, LI Dongliang

College of Atmospheric Science/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

Received:2014-07-21 Revised:2014-11-03 Online:2015-02-25 Published:2015-03-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用1962-2012年260个常规气象观测站的逐日资料, 使用模糊信息分配方法划分我国南方出现低温雨雪冰冻天气时各气象要素的等级, 计算各等级出现的概率, 选取合理的气象要素条件建立了低温雨雪冰冻综合评估指数, 并给出了我国南方发生低温雨雪冰冻的风险区划. 结果表明:日最高气温≤6 ℃, 日最低气温≤0 ℃, 相对湿度≥80%, 日照时数≤1.3 h这一综合气象阈值条件能够合理地评估出南方地区低温雨雪冰冻事件发生的次数和持续时间. 四川省中南部、云南省东北部和贵州省西部、湖南省东部、江西省北部、安徽省、湖北省大部分地区以及陕西省的部分地区发生低温雨雪冰冻的风险等级最高. 近51 a来我国南方低温雨雪冰冻的风险虽有减小的趋势, 但近年出现重大灾害的可能性将有所增加.

关键词: 我国南方, 低温雨雪冰冻, 综合评估, 风险区划

Abstract:

Based on daily data from conventional meteorological stations from 1962 to 2012, the grades of various meteorological elements were divided and the probabilities of each grade were calculated by using fuzzy information distribution method when low temperature, snow and freezing weather appeared, which contributed to establish low temperature, snow and freezing comprehensive assessment indexes and made further efforts to provide risk zoning in southern China. The results show that the comprehensive meteorological threshold condition can be used to assess low temperature, snow and freezing events' frequency and strength reasonably when the event displayed as daily maximum temperature less than or equal to 6 ℃, daily minimum temperature less than or equal to 0 ℃, relative humidity greater than or equal to 80%, and sunshine hours less than or equal to 1.3 hours. South-central part of Sichuan, northeast corner of Yunnan, west of Guizhou, east of Hunan, north of Jiangxi, Anhui, most areas of Hubei and parts of Shaanxi Province exhibit the highest level of risk for occurring low temperature, snow and freezing weather. Although the risk of low temperature, snow and freezing weather in southern China has decreased in the past 51 years, the probability of major hazards has increased in recent ten years.

Key words: southern China, low temperature, snow and freezing events, comprehensive assessment, risk zoning

中图分类号:

P426.3+3

毛淑君, 李栋梁. 基于气象要素的我国南方低温雨雪冰冻综合评估[J]. 冰川冻土, 2015, 37(1): 14-26.

MAO Shujun, LI Dongliang. Comprehensive assessment of low temperature, snow and freezing weather in southern China based on meteorological elements[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2015, 37(1): 14-26.

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基于气象要素的我国南方低温雨雪冰冻综合评估

Comprehensive assessment of low temperature, snow and freezing weather in southern China based on meteorological elements

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