2001-2012年新疆融雪型洪水时空分布特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2015.0025

冰川冻土 ›› 2015, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 226-232.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2015.0025

2001-2012年新疆融雪型洪水时空分布特征

阿不力米提江·阿布力克木¹, 陈春艳¹, 玉素甫·阿不都拉², 巴哈古丽·瓦哈甫¹

1. 新疆维吾尔自治区气象台, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830002;
2. 新疆和田地区气象局, 新疆和田 848000

收稿日期:2014-07-22 修回日期:2014-12-24 出版日期:2015-02-25 发布日期:2015-03-23
作者简介:阿不力米提江·阿布力克木(1985-),男,维吾尔族,新疆喀什人,工程师,2009年毕业于南京信息工程大学,现主要从事中短期天气预报工作.E-mail:ablimit128@163.com.
基金资助:
中国气象局2012年项目"北疆主要流域融雪型洪水预警及灾害风险评估业务系统建设"; 国家自然科学基金项目(41271083)资助

The temporal and spatial distribution features of snowmelt flood events in Xinjiang from 2001 to 2012

Ablimitjan Ablikim¹, CHEN Chunyan¹, Yusup Abdula², Barigul Whap¹

1. Xinjiang Meteorological Observatory, Vrümqi 830002, China;
2. Hotan Meteorological Bureau, Hotan 848000, Xinjiang, China

Received:2014-07-22 Revised:2014-12-24 Online:2015-02-25 Published:2015-03-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用2001-2012年新疆区域内发生的融雪型洪水资料, 分析研究了近12 a新疆融雪型洪水时空分布特征. 结果表明:新疆融雪型洪水与前一年10月至当年3月新疆全站总累计降水量大小相关, 降水量大的年份, 对应的融雪型洪水发生次数也多; 冬末至夏季融雪型洪水在北疆地区基本上是从西向东、从南向北的先后顺序出现, 而在南疆地区的融雪洪水基本上是从西向东、从北向南先后顺序出现. 新疆融雪型洪水主要集中出现在春夏季, 其中, 北疆地区在3月, 南疆地区在7月发生较多; 伊犁河谷、昌吉、阿勒泰、和田等地区及青河、乌鲁木齐、阿克陶、民丰等市县是新疆融雪型洪水的高发区.

关键词: 融雪型洪水, 时空分布, 高发区, 新疆

Abstract:

As water resources, flood caused by meltwater from snow cover and glacier is the important sources to supply glacial runoff and the lifeblood, without which the oasis agriculture in dry regions in West China cannot survive and develop. The topography of Xinjiang is various and complicated, with high mountains and steep slopes mostly in mountainous regions, where rivers gather water fast, flood easy takes place and water conservancy facilities are relatively poor. Therefore, disasters such as glacier flood and snowmelt flood become a potent threat to the local residents and important defense line's safe operation. Under the general background of global warming, the frequency of flood disasters is increasing in Xinjiang, especially meltwater flood from snow cover and glacier. This situation will cause a serious loss to people's lives and property and other facilities, such as traffic lines, reservoirs and channels. Thus, it is more important to discuss the predictability of these disasters. In this paper, using the snowmelt flood data in Xinjiang from 2001 to 2012, the resent characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution of snowmelt flood in Xinjiang is analyzed. The results indicate that the snowmelt flood is correlated with precipitation from early Oct. to Mar. in Xinjiang. In the year of more precipitation, the snowmelt flood is more frequent in correspondingly. Basically, the snowmelt flood occurs in the order from west to east and from south to north in northern Xinjiang, while from west to east and from north to south in southern Xinjiang. Temporally, the snowmelt flood in Xinjiang mostly appears in spring and summer. In northern Xinjiang it occurs more frequently in March, but in southern Xinjiang it occurs more frequently in July. The Ili, Changji, Altay and Hotan Prefectures and the Qinggil, Vrümqi, Akto, Minfeng City/County are the high-incidence areas of snowmelt flood.

Key words: snowmelt flood events, temporal and spatial distribution, high-incidence area, Xinjiang

中图分类号:

P343.6

阿不力米提江·阿布力克木, 陈春艳, 玉素甫·阿不都拉, 巴哈古丽·瓦哈甫. 2001-2012年新疆融雪型洪水时空分布特征[J]. 冰川冻土, 2015, 37(1): 226-232.

Ablimitjan Ablikim, CHEN Chunyan, Yusup Abdula, Barigul Whap. The temporal and spatial distribution features of snowmelt flood events in Xinjiang from 2001 to 2012[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2015, 37(1): 226-232.

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2001-2012年新疆融雪型洪水时空分布特征

The temporal and spatial distribution features of snowmelt flood events in Xinjiang from 2001 to 2012

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