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冰川冻土 ›› 2015, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 876-887.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2015.0097

• 冰冻圈与全球变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

1961-2012年辽宁省极端气温事件气候变化特征

周晓宇1, 赵春雨1, 王颖1, 崔妍1, 张新宜2, 胡春丽3, 林蓉1   

  1. 1. 沈阳区域气候中心, 辽宁 沈阳 110166;
    2. 湖北省黄石市气象局, 湖北 黄石 435002;
    3. 辽宁省气象科学研究所, 辽宁 沈阳 110166
  • 收稿日期:2015-02-01 修回日期:2015-06-02 出版日期:2015-08-25 发布日期:2016-01-18
  • 通讯作者: 赵春雨, E-mail: springrainscn@163.com. E-mail:springrainscn@163.com
  • 作者简介:周晓宇(1984-), 女, 辽宁朝阳人, 工程师, 2010年在中国气象科学研究院获硕士学位, 现主要从事气候变化、 气象灾害风险评估工作. E-mail: xiaoyuz80@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206012); 中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201338); 2015年辽宁省气象局第4号科研课题资助

Variation characteristics of extreme temperature events in Liaoning Province, 1961-2012

ZHOU Xiaoyu1, ZHAO Chunyu1, WANG Ying1, CUI Yan1, ZHANG Xinyi2, HU Chunli3, LIN Rong1   

  1. 1. Regional Climate Center of Shenyang, Shenyang 110166, China;
    2. Huangshi Meteorological Administration, Huangshi 435002, Hubei, China;
    3. Institute of Meteorological Science of Liaoning, Shenyang 110166, China
  • Received:2015-02-01 Revised:2015-06-02 Online:2015-08-25 Published:2016-01-18

摘要: 利用辽宁省52个气象台站逐日平均气温、 最高气温和最低气温数据, 使用国际通用的10种极端气候指数, 研究了1961-2012年辽宁省极端气温事件的气候变化特征. 结果表明: 年平均极端气温事件空间分布存在明显的地区差异. 时间尺度上, 1961-2012年辽宁省年及四季极端暖事件(暖昼日数、 暖夜日数、 夏季日数、 热带夜数和热浪持续指数)呈增加趋势, 极端冷事件(冷昼日数、 冷夜日数、 结冰日数、 霜冻日数和寒潮持续指数)呈减少趋势; 极端暖事件在20世纪90年代中期开始明显增加, 极端冷事件在20世纪80年代末期开始显著减少; 极端暖事件的变化速率要小于极端冷事件. 辽宁省气温日较差有增大的趋势, 极端暖(冷)事件的增加(减少)在秋季(冬季)最为显著. 空间变化上, 极端气温事件在全省基本都呈一致的增加或减少的分布. 多数极端气温事件均存在8 a左右的周期, 检测到的突变的时间大致在20世纪80年代中期到90年代末期. 20世纪80年代末期辽宁省气候变暖后, 极端暖事件和冷事件均有明显的增加和减少.

关键词: 辽宁省, 极端气温指数, 变化特征

Abstract: Based on the daily average, maximum and minimum temperature from 52 meteorological stations in Liaoning Province, the variation characteristics of the extreme temperature events are analyzed using ten extreme temperature indices, which are commonly used abroad. The results show that the distribution of the annual average extreme temperature events have obvious regional differences. Temporally, the extreme warm events (warm days, warm nights, summer days, tropical nights, heat wave last indices) have increasing trends and the extreme cold events (cool days, cool nights, freeze days, frost days, cold snap last indices) have decreasing trends during 1961-2012; the extreme warm events had markedly increased in the mid-1990s and the extreme cold events had markedly decreased in the late 1980s; the changing rates of extreme warm events are less than that of the extreme cold events; the diurnal temperature range has an increasing trend in the province; the increasing (decreasing) trends of the extreme warm (cold) events are more significant in autumn (winter). Spatially, the extreme temperature events almost are increasing or decreasing coincidently in the province. Most extreme temperature events have about 8-years period of oscillation. Abrupt change had taken place in the mid-1980s to the late 1990s. In Liaoning Province, after the climate warming beginning from the late 1980s, the extreme warm events and cold events have all significantly increased and decreased.

Key words: Liaoning Province, extreme temperature indices, variation characteristics

中图分类号: 

  • P467