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冰川冻土 ›› 2015, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 898-904.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2015.0099

• 冰冻圈与全球变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

1961-2014年新疆冰雹灾害时空分布特征

史莲梅1, 赵智鹏2, 王旭1   

  1. 1. 新疆维吾尔自治区人工影响天气办公室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002;
    2. 新疆信息工程学校, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830013
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-21 修回日期:2015-05-26 出版日期:2015-08-25 发布日期:2016-01-18
  • 作者简介:史莲梅(1983-), 女, 新疆沙湾人, 工程师, 2008年毕业于成都信息工程学院, 主要从事人工影响天气业务技术研究. E-mail: slmbaxia@163.com.
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业(气象)科研专项经费项目“山区人工防雹关键技术及业务应用的研究”(GYHY201306047); 新疆人工影响天气青年基金项目“新疆冰雹灾害的时空分布特征”(RY1301)资助

Temporal and spatial distribution features of hail disaster in Xinjiang from 1961 to 2014

SHI Lianmei1, ZHAO Zhipeng2, WANG Xu1   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Modification Office, Vrümqi 830002, China;
    2. Xinjiang Information Engineering School, Vrümqi 830013, China
  • Received:2015-03-21 Revised:2015-05-26 Online:2015-08-25 Published:2016-01-18

摘要: 通过整理、 普查得到1961-2014年新疆以县为单位的雹灾频次、 受灾面积、 经济损失的样本序列, 在此基础上定义了表征雹灾程度的无量纲数损失指数. 结果表明: 新疆雹灾频次集中出现在阿克苏地区、 博州、 石河子地区, 5-8月为多发期, 6月最多. 雹灾的年际变化呈现出2~5 a的短周期和7~8 a的长周期, 20世纪60、 70年代为新疆雹灾的少发期, 1980-1994年、 2001-2014年为雹灾的两个集中高发期. 按照地区累计灾损指数将新疆雹灾划分为5个等级, 阿克苏地区属严重雹灾区, 喀什地区、 塔城地区、 伊犁州属重雹灾区, 石河子地区、 博州、 昌吉州、 巴州、 克拉玛依市属中雹灾区, 阿勒泰地区、 克州、 和田地区、 哈密地区属轻雹灾区, 吐鲁番地区和乌鲁木齐市属微雹灾区.

关键词: 冰雹灾害, 灾损指数, 时空分布, 等级划分, 新疆

Abstract: Through studying the hail events during 1961-2014 in Xinjiang, sequences of hail event frequency, damage area, and economic loss are obtained county by county in this paper. Then, a dimensionless number (loss index) is define to represent the degree of hail damage. Statistical analysis shows that hail damage mainly concentrates in Aksu, Bozhou and Shihezi Prefectures from May to August, especially in June. Annual variation of hail damage has vibrated with a short cycle of 2~5 years and a long cycle of 7~8 years. The 1960s and the 1970s were the less hail damage periods and 1980-1994, 2001-2014 were two frequent hail damage periods. Hail damage may be divided into five grades according to the cumulative hail damage loss index. They are severe hail grade (Aksu Prefecture), heavy hail grade (Kashgar Prefecture, Tacheng Prefecture and Yili Prefecture), middle hail grade (Shihezi, Bozhou, Changji, Bazhou and Keramay Prefectures), light hail grade (Altay Prefecture, Kizilsu Kergez Prefecture, Hotan Prefecture, and Hami Prefecture) and seldom hail grade (Turpan Prefecture and Vrümqi City).

Key words: hail damage, hail damage loss index, temporal and spatial distribution, grade, Xinjiang

中图分类号: 

  • P426.64