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冰川冻土 ›› 2016, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 1233-1240.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2016.0144

• 冰冻圈与全球变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

1961-2010年青藏高原降水时空变化特征分析

李晓英1,2, 姚正毅1, 肖建华1, 王宏伟1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院 寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730000;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2016-04-17 修回日期:2016-08-25 出版日期:2016-10-25 发布日期:2017-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 姚正毅,E-mail:yaozy@lzb.ac.cn. E-mail:yaozy@lzb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:李晓英(1989-),女,蒙古族,内蒙古赤峰市喀喇沁旗人,2015年硕士毕业于中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,现为中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所在读博士研究生,主要从事冻土生态与全球变化的研究.E-mail:lixiaoying@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家重大科学研究计划“青藏高原沙漠化对全球变化的响应”(2013CB956000)资助

Analysis of the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau from 1961 through 2010

LI Xiaoying1,2, YAO Zhengyi1, XIAO Jianhua1, WANG Hongwei1   

  1. 1. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2016-04-17 Revised:2016-08-25 Online:2016-10-25 Published:2017-01-22

摘要:

利用青藏高原69个气象台站的降水量资料,采用旋转经验正交函数分析(REOF)、线性趋势分析和累积距平法,系统地研究了1961-2010年青藏高原降水的时空变化规律,揭示了青藏高原不同区域降水变化的差异性.研究表明:近50 a来青藏高原降水量总体呈现增加趋势,增长率为6.7 mm·(10a)-1;青藏高原降水季节分配极不均匀,雨季和旱季非常明显,雨季降水占有主导作用;青藏高原降水由东南向西北递减,而且年际变化具有一定的多元化特征;青藏高原降水量变化空间分布差异显著,采用REOF法将整个高原划分为10个小区,每个小区降水变化都具有不同的特征,除了青海东北部区和青海东南部-川北区降水呈减少趋势外,其他8个小区降水均呈增加趋势.

关键词: 青藏高原, 降水量, 时空变化, REOF

Abstract:

The precipitation data from 69 meteorological stations over the Tibetan Plateau from 1961 to 2010 are analyzed by using REOF (Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function), linear trend analysis and cumulative anomaly methods. The spatial-temporal variability characteristics of the precipitation during last five decades are also analyzed, and the differences in precipitation change over the Tibetan Plateau are revealed as well. The results show that:1) from 1961 through 2010, the annual precipitation in the plateau had been increasing with an increasing rate of 6.7 mm·(10a)-1. 2) The seasonal distribution of precipitation is uneven over the plateau. Wet and dry seasons are obvious and precipitation mainly concentrates in rainy season. 3) Spatially, precipitation decreases from southeast to northwest with altitude increasing and topography changing, and inter-annual variability has diversified characteristics with diversification in interannual variation. 4) The entire plateau can be divided into ten zones of different features by REOF method. Among them, there are eight zones have increasing precipitation tendency, but decreasing precipitation tendency takes place in northeastern Qinghai Province and southeastern Qinghai Province-northern Sichuan Province.

Key words: Tibetan Plateau, precipitation, spatial-temporal variation, REOF

中图分类号: 

  • P426.61+4