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冰川冻土 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 1-8.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0001

• 冰冻圈与全球变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

青藏高原多年冻土活动层厚度对气候变化的响应

徐晓明1,2, 吴青柏1, 张中琼1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冻土工程国家重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-21 修回日期:2017-01-20 出版日期:2017-02-25 发布日期:2017-06-03
  • 通讯作者: 吴青柏,E-mail:qbwu@lzb.ac.cn. E-mail:qbwu@lzb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:徐晓明(1987-),男,甘肃金昌人,2011年毕业于兰州大学,现为中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院在读博士研究生,从事寒区环境与工程方面的研究.E-mail:xuxiaoming@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41690144;41330634)资助

Responses of active layer thickness on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to climate change

XU Xiaoming1,2, WU Qingbai1, ZHANG Zhongqiong1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2016-12-21 Revised:2017-01-20 Online:2017-02-25 Published:2017-06-03

摘要: 活动层厚度变化将会对多年冻土区生态系统、地气间能水平衡和碳循环等产生重要影响。利用Stefan公式模拟了1981-2010年青藏高原多年冻土区活动层厚度的分布和空间变化特征。结果表明:多年冻土区活动层厚度平均为2.39 m,活动层厚度在羌塘盆地最小,在多年冻土区边缘、祁连山、西昆仑山、念青唐古拉山活动层厚度较大。在气候变化条件下,青藏高原多年冻土区活动层厚度呈整体增大趋势,在1981-2010年,活动层厚度的变化量为-1.54~2.24 m,变化率为-5.90~10.13 cm·a-1,平均每年变化1.29 cm。活动层增厚趋势与年平均气温增大的趋势基本一致,这说明气候变化对活动层厚度变化有很大的影响。

关键词: 青藏高原, 多年冻土, 气候变化, 活动层

Abstract: The change of active layer thickness has significant influence on the ecosystem, energy balance and carbon cycle between ground and atmosphere, therfore Stefan formula was used to simulate the distribution and spatial variation of active layer thickness on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1981 to 2010. It is found that the active layer thickness is 2.39 m in average in permafrost regions, which is the smallest in Qiangtang Basin and the largest in the marginal zones of permafrost regions. Active layer thickness is larger in the Qilian Mountains, the West Kunlun Mountains and the Nyainqentanglha Mountains. Owing to climate change, active layer thickness on the plateau has an increasing tendency; during the 30 years from 1981 to 2010, the active layer thickness had changed from -1.54 to 2.24 m, with a change rate of -5.90 to 10.13 cm·a-1 and an average rate of 1.29 cm·a-1. The change of active layer thickness is basically consistent with the change of mean annual air temperature, which indicate that climate change has a great impact on the active layer thickness.

Key words: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, permafrost, climate change, active layer

中图分类号: 

  • P642.14