[1] Serreze M C, Barrett A P, Stroeve J C, et al. The emergence of surface-based Arctic amplification[J]. Cryosphere Discussions, 2009, 3(1):11-19. [2] Screen J A, Simmonds I. The central role of diminishing sea ice in recent Arctic temperature amplification[J]. Nature, 2010, 464(7293):1334-1337. [3] Connor L N, Laxon S W, Ridout A L, et al. Comparison of Envisat radar and airborne laser altimeter measurements over Arctic sea ice[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2009, 113(3):563-570. [4] Liang Shunlin, Li Xiaowen, Wang Jindi, et al. Quantitative remote sensing[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2013.[梁顺林, 李小文, 王锦地, 等. 定量遥感[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2013.] [5] Jiang Xi. Progress in the research of snow and ice albedo[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2006, 28(5):728-738.[蒋熹. 冰雪反照率研究进展[J]. 冰川冻土, 2006, 28(5):728-738.] [6] Dou Tingfeng, Xiao Cunde, Guo Rui, et al. Analysis on features of snow cover on the Arctic sea ice in summer of 2008[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2012, 34(1):43-48.[窦挺峰, 效存德, 郭锐, 等. 2008年夏季北冰洋海冰表面积雪特征初步分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2012, 34(1):43-48.] [7] Grenfell T C, Perovich D K. Spectral albedos of sea ice and incident solar irradiance in the southern Beaufort Sea[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans, 1984, 89(C3):3573-3580. [8] Perovich D K, Grenfell T C, Light B, et al. Seasonal evolution of the albedo of multiyear Arctic sea ice[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans, 2002, 107(C10):8044. DOI:10.1029/2000JC000438. [9] Perovich D K, Polashenski C. Albedo evolution of seasonal Arctic sea ice[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2012, 39(L08501). DOI:10.1029/2012GL051432. [10] Polashenski C, Perovich D, Courville Z. The mechanisms of sea ice melt pond formation and evolution[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans, 2012, 117(C01001). DOI:10.1029/2011JC007231. [11] Agarwal S, Moon W, Wettlaufer J S. Decadal to seasonal variability of Arctic sea ice albedo[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2011, 38(L20504). DOI:10.1029/2011GL049109. [12] Pistone K, Eisenman I, Ramanathan V. Observational determination of albedo decrease caused by vanishing Arctic sea ice[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2014, 111(9):3322-3326. [13] Xiao Cunde, Qin Dahe, Ren Jiawen. The feature of sea ice cover, snow distribution and its densification in the central Arctica[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 1997, 17(4):289-296.[效存德, 秦大河, 任贾文. 北极中心海域海冰特征, 积雪及变质过程[J]. 地理科学, 1997, 17(4):289-296.] [14] Yang Qinghua, Cheng Bin, Lei Ruibo, et al. Arctic sea ice albedo in summer:observation and modeling experiments[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2011, 33(2):42-47.[杨清华, 程斌, 雷瑞波, 等. 北极夏季海冰反照率的观测和数值模拟试验[J]. 海洋学报, 2011, 33(2):42-47.] [15] Lei Ruibo, Zhang Zhanhai, Matero I, et al. Reflection and transmission of irradiance by snow and sea ice in the central Arctic Ocean in summer 2010[J]. Polar Research, 2012, 31(17325). DOI:10.3402/polar.v31i0.17325. [16] Andreas E L, Ackley S F. On the differences in ablation seasons of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 1982, 39(2):440-447. [17] Andreas E L, Guest P S, Persson P O G, et al. Near-surface water vapor over polar sea ice is always near ice saturation[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans, 2002, 107(C10). DOI:10.1029/2000JC000411. [18] Zatko M C, Warren S G. East Antarctic sea ice in spring:spectral albedo of snow, nilas, frost flowers and slush, and light-absorbing impurities in snow[J]. Annals of Glaciology, 2015, 56(69):53-64. [19] Rösel A, Kaleschke L, Birnbaum G. Melt ponds on Arctic sea ice determined from MODIS satellite data using an artificial neural network[J]. The Cryosphere, 2012, 6(2):431-446. [20] Li Ning, Xie Feng, Gu Wei, et al. Study on the basic characteristics of Bohai sea ice reflectance spectra[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2008, 28(2):356-360.[李宁, 谢峰, 顾卫, 等. 渤海海冰反射光谱基本特征的观测研究[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2008, 28(2):356-360.] [21] Brandt R E, Warren S G, Worby A P, et al. Surface albedo of the Antarctic sea ice zone[J]. Journal of Climate, 2005, 18(17):3606-3622. [22] Lecomte O, Fichefet T, Flocco D, et al. Interactions between wind-blown snow redistribution and melt ponds in a coupled ocean-sea ice model[J]. Ocean Modelling, 2015, 87(3):67-80. [23] Massom R A, Eicken H, Haas C, et al. Snow on Antarctic sea ice[J]. Reviews of Geophysics, 2001, 39(3):413-445. [24] Pedersen C A, Roeckner E, Lüthje M, et al. A new sea ice albedo scheme including melt ponds for ECHAM5 general circulation model[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 2009, 114(D08101). DOI:10.1029/2008JD010440. [25] Flocco D, Feltham D L, Turner A K. Incorporation of a physically based melt pond scheme into the sea ice component of a climate model[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans, 2010, 115(C08102). DOI:10.1029/2009JC005568. [26] Flocco D, Schroeder D, Feltham D L, et al. Impact of melt ponds on Arctic sea ice simulations from 1990 to 2007[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans, 2012, 117(C09032). DOI:10.1029/2012JC008195. [27] Holland M M, Bailey D A, Briegleb B P, et al. Improved sea ice shortwave radiation physics in CCSM4:The impact of melt ponds and aerosols on Arctic sea ice[J]. Journal of Climate, 2012, 25(5):1413-1430. [28] Hunke E C, Hebert D A, Lecomte O. Level-ice melt ponds in the Los Alamos sea ice model, CICE[J]. Ocean Modelling, 2013, 71:26-42. |