祁连山老虎沟流域强消融期径流对气候变化的响应

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0018

冰川冻土 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 148-155.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0018

祁连山老虎沟流域强消融期径流对气候变化的响应

张晓鹏^1,2, 秦翔¹, 吴锦奎¹, 陈记祖^1,2, 王强¹, 杜文涛¹, 刘宇硕¹

1. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室祁连山冰川与生态环境综合观测研究站, 甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2016-09-02 修回日期:2016-12-22 出版日期:2017-02-25 发布日期:2017-06-03
通讯作者: 秦翔,E-mail:qinxiang@lzb.ac.cn. E-mail:qinxiang@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:张晓鹏(1987-),男,甘肃秦安人,2016年在中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所获硕士学位,现为中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院在读博士研究生,从事寒区水文研究.E-mail:zxplovelife@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重大科学研究计划项目（2013CBA01801）；国家自然科学基金项目（41371091；40271085）；中国科学院重点部署项目（KJZD-EW-G03-01）资助

Response of glacier runoff to climate change in the Laohugou basin, Qilian Mountains

ZHANG Xiaopeng^1,2, QIN Xiang¹, WU Jinkui¹, CHEN Jizu^1,2, WANG Qiang¹, DU Wentao¹, LIU Yushuo¹

1. Qilian Shan Station of Glaciology and Ecologic Environment, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2016-09-02 Revised:2016-12-22 Online:2017-02-25 Published:2017-06-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为定量研究老虎沟流域径流对气候变化的响应，利用老虎沟流域1959年和2014年强消融期（7月）的气象、径流数据，分析了强消融期气温、降水、蒸发、冰川消融量、径流（流域的径流深）等的变化，进而探讨了老虎沟流域强消融期气温分布和降水形态、流域蒸发和冰川消融对径流的影响。结果表明：老虎沟流域2014年强消融期径流比1959年多159 mm，增加了49.67%。2014年7月平均气温较1959年升高0.38℃，最低气温升高1.34℃。1959年和2014年7月降水量相差较小；老虎沟流域强消融期日降水和日径流之间呈负相关，蒸发量的变化较小，流域内祁连山站的混合态降水比例减少23.01%，导致降水转化为径流的比例增大；起决定性作用的是正积温， 2014年7月较1959年的正积温高11.71℃·d，主要由于2~4℃的气温日数增多导致正积温增加，从而加剧冰川消融对径流的补给。

关键词: 老虎沟流域, 冰川径流, 气候变化, 响应分析

Abstract: For quantitatively researching the response of Laohugou basin's runoff to climate change, using meteorological and runoff data of Laohugou basin in the strong ablation period of 1959 and 2014, the changes of air temperature, precipitation, evaporation, glacial ablation, runoff in the strong ablation month (July) of 1959 and 2014 in the whole basin were analyzed. The melting process and runoff response to climate change in the Laohugou basin also discussed. The results showed that in July, 2014, the climate change led to runoff increase 159 mm, accounting for 49.67%, higher than that in 1959; the monthly mean air temperature in July had increased 0.38℃, and the monthly minimum temperature had increased 1.34℃ as compared with that in July, 1959. Precipitation was the same nearly in July, 1959 and July, 2014. There was a negative correlation between precipitation and runoff; there was small change in evaporation; the ratio of mixed state precipitation had decreased by 23.01%, resulting in increasing the proportion of precipitation translating directly into runoff. The cumulative positive temperature had played a decisive role. The cumulative positive temperature in July, 2014 was 11.71℃·d higher than that in July, 1959, mainly due to the temperature of 2-4℃ increasing, resulting in cumulative positive temperature increasing, which intensified the supply of meltwater to runoff.

Key words: Laohugou basin, glacier runoff, climate change, response analysis

中图分类号:

P343.6

张晓鹏, 秦翔, 吴锦奎, 陈记祖, 王强, 杜文涛, 刘宇硕. 祁连山老虎沟流域强消融期径流对气候变化的响应[J]. 冰川冻土, 2017, 39(1): 148-155.

ZHANG Xiaopeng, QIN Xiang, WU Jinkui, CHEN Jizu, WANG Qiang, DU Wentao, LIU Yushuo. Response of glacier runoff to climate change in the Laohugou basin, Qilian Mountains[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2017, 39(1): 148-155.

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祁连山老虎沟流域强消融期径流对气候变化的响应

Response of glacier runoff to climate change in the Laohugou basin, Qilian Mountains

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