关键词: 山西省, 煤矿开采, 水文过程, 人类活动, 水文模型

Abstract: Along with the rapid economic development of China, and the increasing energy demand, the volume of coal mining in Shanxi Province, that is the most important coal mining area of China, is growing rapidly. Due to the longtime irrational and unscientific coal mining activity, coal mined-out area and associated surface fissure appeared in many areas of Shanxi Province. At the meantime, watershed hydrological observation data showed that the channeled runoff decreased obviously and the stored water volume in reservoirs declined as well. It is important and meaningful to develop a hydrological model considering the impact of the coal mined-out area special underlying surface, based on the knowledge of the impact of human activity as coal mining on hydrological process. This study collected the information of coal mining production, remote sensing and hydrological data in several typical small basin. After thorough investigation and analysis, it was found that the coal mined area could enhance the surface preferential flow in the overland flow through the associated fissure and collapse, as well as lead to obvious leakage in the river channels. Based on the knowledge of the impact of coal mined-out area on hydrological process, the study developed a hydrological model considering the coal-mining area special underlying surface, and carried out model verification and application research in Luzhuang basin in Shanxi Province. The approach used in this study has certain reference significance for research related to the human activity impact on hydrological process, and the developed model can be expanded to the hydrological analysis and prediction in areas with similar hydrological process which is significantly influenced by irrational coal mining activity.

Key words: Shanxi Province, coal mining, hydrological process, human activity, hydrological model