近50年来北极斯瓦尔巴地区冰川物质平衡变化特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0080

冰川冻土 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 701-709.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0080

近50年来北极斯瓦尔巴地区冰川物质平衡变化特征

何海迪¹, 李忠勤^1,2, 王璞玉², 张明军¹, 王林²

1. 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 甘肃兰州 730070;
2. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/天山冰川观测试验站, 甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2017-03-13 修回日期:2017-04-30 出版日期:2017-08-25 发布日期:2017-11-15
通讯作者: 李忠勤,E-mail:lizq@lzb.ac.cn E-mail:lizq@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:何海迪(1990-),女,甘肃民勤人,2015年在兰州城市学院获学士学位,现为西北师范大学在读硕士研究生,从事冰川变化研究.E-mail:18298339647@163.com
基金资助:
国家重大科学研究计划项目（2013CBA01801）；国家自然科学基金项目（41301069；41641003）资助

Variation characteristics of glacier mass balance in Svalbard, Arctic, in recent 50 years

HE Haidi¹, LI Zhongqin^1,2, WANG Puyu², ZHANG Mingjun¹, WANG Lin²

1. College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science/Tianshan Glaciological Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2017-03-13 Revised:2017-04-30 Online:2017-08-25 Published:2017-11-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用长时间序列的冰川物质平衡资料，详细分析了北极斯瓦尔巴地区冰川的物质平衡变化特征以及气候因子对物质平衡的影响。结果表明：近50年来斯瓦尔巴地区冰川物质平衡变化主要呈负平衡、零平衡/略微增长两种状态。冰川净平衡一般为负值，年际变化波动幅度较大且呈负平衡趋势，累积物质平衡表现出长期稳定的负平衡增长态势。除Kongsvegen冰川外，其他冰川不存在短期内的平衡波动。季节变化表现为夏季消融、冬季积累，且夏季消融比冬季积累波动更大，冰川净平衡与夏季消融保持同步变化趋势。冰川净平衡与平衡线高度（ELA）呈负相关（平均相关系数为-0.89），与积累区面积比率（AAR）呈正相关（平均相关系数为0.84），该地区大多数冰川AAR减小，说明冰川物质补给处于劣势，冰川物质平衡向负平衡发展。夏季气温升高是斯瓦尔巴地区冰川表面物质加速亏损的直接原因。

关键词: 北极, 斯瓦尔巴, 冰川物质平衡, 平衡线高度(ELA), 气候变化

Abstract: This research aims at analyzing mass balances of seven glaciers in Svalbard, Arctic, including Austre Brøggerbreen, Austre Lovénbreen, Hansbreen, Irenbreen, Kongsvegen, Midtre Lovénbreen and Waldemarbreen, by using their long-time series of mass balance. Also, the effects of temperature and precipitation on the mass balance are discussed. Results show that:In recent 50 years, glacier mass balance in Svalbard has been mainly in negative balance and zero balance with slightly positive balance two states. Cumulative mass balance has showed a negative balance without fluctuation in a short term, except for Kongsvegen. Seasonally, there has been ablation in summer and accumulation in winter, with ablation in summer more than accumulation in winter. Between glacier mass balance and the equilibrium line altitude (ELA), there is a negatively correlation (mean R=-0.89); between glacier mass balance and the accumulation area ratio (AAR), there is a positively correlation (mean R=0.84). Most glacier accumulation area ratio is going to decrease, showing glacier mass supply is in a disadvantage, resulting in a negative balance of glacier mass. Summer temperature increasing is probably a direct cause for accelerating glacier mass loss.

Key words: Arctic, Svalbard, glacier mass balance, equilibrium line altitude (ELA), climate change

中图分类号:

P343.6

何海迪, 李忠勤, 王璞玉, 张明军, 王林. 近50年来北极斯瓦尔巴地区冰川物质平衡变化特征[J]. 冰川冻土, 2017, 39(4): 701-709.

HE Haidi, LI Zhongqin, WANG Puyu, ZHANG Mingjun, WANG Lin. Variation characteristics of glacier mass balance in Svalbard, Arctic, in recent 50 years[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2017, 39(4): 701-709.

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近50年来北极斯瓦尔巴地区冰川物质平衡变化特征

Variation characteristics of glacier mass balance in Svalbard, Arctic, in recent 50 years

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