1993-2015年喀喇昆仑山努布拉流域冰川变化遥感监测

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0081

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用Landsat TM/ETM+及OLI遥感影像，通过比值阈值法和目视解译法提取冰川边界，分析了1993-2015年喀喇昆仑山努布拉流域的冰川变化特征。结果表明：（1）冰川面积萎缩103.24 km²，占冰川总面积的4.64%，年均萎缩率为0.20%。与青藏高原其他地区相比，研究区冰川萎缩幅度较小。气温升高是冰川面积萎缩的主要因素。（2）规模≤ 0.1 km²的冰川面积萎缩幅度最大，规模较大的冰川萎缩幅度相对较小。（3）不同朝向的冰川均处于萎缩状态，北朝向冰川萎缩率最大，因为北朝向多为小规模冰川，而东朝向冰川的萎缩率最小。（4）有9条冰川末端发生前进现象。

关键词: 冰川变化, 喀喇昆仑山, 努布拉流域, 比值阈值法, 遥感

Abstract: Many researches have shown that most glaciers in the world experiencing a general reduction in area due to climate warming in recent decades. Monitoring the glacier change by multiple remote sensing images provides a useful data set. Based on Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI images, glacier boundaries were extracted with ratio threshold and visual interpretation method, and the characteristics of glacier variation were also analyzed in the Nubra basin, Karakoram Mountains, during 1993-2015. The results show that, compared with other regions in the Tibetan Plateau, the glacier retreat was smaller in the study area. The total glacierized area in the study area had shrunk by 103.24 km², accounting for 4.64% of the total glacierized area, at a rate of 0.20%·a^-1 as a whole. It can be concluded that the increase of air temperature is the main factor leading to the shrinkage of glacierized area in the study area. The retreat range of glaciers smaller than or equal to 0.1 km² was the largest, and that of larger glaciers shrank at a relatively small rate. Glaciers with different aspects shrank differently. The maximum shrinkage occurred in northward glaciers, because they were small-scale, more sensitive to climate change. The eastward glaciers had the minimum shrinkage. There were nine glaciers had clearly advanced during 1993-2015.

Key words: glacier change, Karakoram Mountains, Nubra basin, ratio threshold method, remote sensing

中图分类号:

P343.6

刘凯, 王宁练, 白晓华. 1993-2015年喀喇昆仑山努布拉流域冰川变化遥感监测[J]. 冰川冻土, 2017, 39(4): 710-719.

LIU Kai, WANG Ninglian, BAI Xiaohua. Variation of glaciers in the Nubra basin, Karakoram Mountains, revealed by remote sensing images during 1993-2015[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2017, 39(4): 710-719.

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