辽宁省不同等级降雪变化特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0082

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用辽宁省52个站逐日降水量及降雪天气现象资料提取出逐日降雪数据，采用多种统计方法分析了近53 a（1961-2013年）不同等级降雪的时空变化特征，研究表明：降雪量和降雪日数空间分布上山地要大于平原地区，由东部山区向沿海地区减少；降雪强度中心位于辽宁中部城市群所在的平原地区。降雪量、降雪日数年内分配分别呈双峰型和单峰型分布，中雪等级以上的降雪多发生在冬末春初。年降雪量增加，年降雪日数（降雪强度）显著减少（减小）；降雪日数的显著减少主要表现为微量降雪日数和小雪日数的减少，尤其是微量降雪日数，降雪强度的显著增大主要是暴雪强度的增大。1960s和1970s为降雪偏多时段，1990s以来降雪量增加，降雪日数减少。不同区域各级降雪占总降雪的比例，辽东地区以微量降雪日数最大，其他区域均以小雪日数和暴雪降雪量最大。全省降雪量有65.4%站点呈增加趋势，降雪日数96.2%的站点呈减少趋势，降雪强度90.4%站点呈增大趋势，辽西地区降雪变率要大于辽东山区。小雪降雪量和微量降雪日数贡献率均呈下降趋势，其他不同等级降雪贡献率均呈上升趋势。随着纬度升高（海拔增高），总降雪量（降雪日数）和各等级降雪量（降雪日数）均增加，总降雪强度和小雪强度减小。

关键词: 辽宁省, 降雪, 时空特征

Abstract: Based on the daily snowfall data extracting from the daily precipitation data and snowfall weather data in Liaoning Province, the temporal and spatial characteristics of different levels of snowfall from 1961 to 2013 are analyzed by using a series of statistical methods. The results show that:The spatial distribution of snowfall and snowfall days is larger in mountainous region than that of plain area, reducing from northeast to the southwest; the snow intensity center is located in the plain area of the central city group of Liaoning Province. The snowfall and snowfall days showed patterns of double and single peaks distribution in the year, the snow level above the moderate snow is more happened in the late winter and early spring. The annual snowfall increased, and the annual snowfall days and snowfall intensity all decreased; The significant reduction of snowfall days are mainly due to the decrease of days of trace snow and light snow, especially the trace snow days, the significant increase of snowfall intensity is mainly due to the increase of snowstorm intensity. The periods of 1960s and 1970s witnessed more snowfalls, since the 1990s, the snowfall has increased and snowfall days has decreased. The proportion of snowfall to total snowfall in different regions, in Liaodong the trace snow snowfall days have the highest value, in the other areas the light snowfall days and the snowstorm snowfal have the largest percentage. For the snowfall there are 65.4% of the sites showed increasing trends, the snowfall days decreased by 96.2%, and the snowfall intensity increased by 90.4%, the snow variable ratio in the western region is larger than the east region. The proportion of the light snow snowfall and the trace snow days all showed decreasing trends, the contribution rate of the other different levels of snow have rising trends. The total and different levels of snowfall (snowfall days) increased with the increasing of latitude (altitude), and the total snowfall intensity and light snowfall intensity decreased.

Key words: Liaoning Province, snowfall, spatial and temporal variation

中图分类号:

P426.63

周晓宇, 赵春雨, 崔妍, 刘鸣彦, 敖雪, 林蓉, 张海娜. 辽宁省不同等级降雪变化特征[J]. 冰川冻土, 2017, 39(4): 720-732.

ZHOU Xiaoyu, ZHAO Chunyu, CUI Yan, LIU Mingyan, AO Xue, LIN Rong, ZHANG Haina. Variation characteristics of different levels of snow in Liaoning Province[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2017, 39(4): 720-732.

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