基于数字图像技术的土冻胀试验系统研究

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0116

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 开展土冻胀过程的研究对于认识土冻胀机理具有重要的意义，以往学者多采用建立模型进行数值分析的方法，但是在试验中却不能对模型预测的冷生构造、冰分凝、水分迁移等实时过程进行验证。通过建立包括实时图像采集系统、图像预处理系统以及图像数字化系统为一体的基于数字图像技术的土冻胀试验系统，对青藏粉土的冻胀发展过程和冰分凝过程进行了研究分析。结果显示：试样冻胀后已冻区纵剖面的冷生构造可以分为微薄层状构造区、薄层状构造区以及最暖端厚层状构造区三个部分，其中薄层状构造区下部的冰透镜体的分凝作用是冻胀的主要贡献部分，最暖端厚层状构造区中冰透镜体的分凝作用导致了试样未冻区的固结，试样中冰透镜体的分凝过程与试样的冻胀过程和试后含水率的结果能够相互验证。建立的试验系统可以对土冻胀过程中包括冷生构造发育、冻胀变形、冰分凝等过程进行实时采集和定量分析，为冻胀模型的建立和验证提供了试验方法和技术支撑。

关键词: 冻胀, 冰分凝, 图像实时采集, 图像预处理, 图像数字化

Abstract: Frost heave development is significant for understanding the frost heave mechanism. In the past, the numerical models were used to predict the frost heave development process. However, the predicted results including the evolution of the cryostructure, the ice lens segregation process and the water migration process could not be verified in laboratory. The digital image processing technology system was used in this paper to understand the frost heave process. The system contains three parts, i.e., image real-time collection, image preprocessing and image digitalization. The frost heave process of the silt from the Tibetan Plateau was studied based on the digital image processing technology system. The following conclusions were drawn. The cryostructure along the soil vertical profile could be divided into three zones from the cold end to warm end:tiny thin layer structural zone, thin layer structural zone, thick layer structural zone. The ice lens segregation in lower part of the thin layer structural zone were the major cause of the frost heave. The ice lens segregation in the thick layer structure induced the consolidation of the unfrozen specimen. The ice lens segregation in the soil specimen matched well with the frost heave process. These conclusions indicate that the digital image processing technology has a good application in the study of the frost heave process. It is expected that the system built in this paper will provide an experimental method and a basis for the study of the frost heave models and the verification of these models.

Key words: frost heave, ice segregation, image real-time collection, image preprocessing, image digitalization

中图分类号:

P642.14

王永涛, 王大雁, 马巍, 温智, 徐湘田, 杜海民. 基于数字图像技术的土冻胀试验系统研究[J]. 冰川冻土, 2017, 39(5): 1047-1056.

WANG Yongtao, WANG Dayan, MA Wei, WEN Zhi, XU Xiangtian, DU haimin. Development and application of frost heaving experimental system based on the digital image processing[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2017, 39(5): 1047-1056.

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