黑龙江省漠河地区土地覆被与地表温度时空变化特征研究

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0126

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以我国高纬度多年冻土区漠河县城区及郊区862 km²的区域为研究对象，基于RS和GIS技术对该区地表覆被变化和地表温度进行研究。结果表明：地表类型和地表温度反演结果与现场比对结果一致；从1988年到2015年，经过火灾后重建和城镇化发展，建设用地面积增加了11.33 km²；以2015年为例，冬季由于积雪覆盖，有79.02%的区域无植被覆盖，夏季有80.91%的区域为高植被覆盖。冬季地表温度和高程具有高度相关性，高程每升高100 m，地表温度平均升高2.27℃，表明该区地表温度也存在显著的逆温现象。该区城镇热岛效应全年存在，城镇区域地表温度高于全区平均值，夏季最显著，最高温差可达6.37℃。地表温度与NDVI具有明显的负相关关系；不同土地利用类型地表温度由低到高的顺序为水体-林地-草地-裸地-建筑用地。

关键词: 多年冻土区, 地表温度, 遥感, 逆温, 热岛效应

Abstract: In this paper, the Xilinji Town, Mohe County of Heilongjiang Province and its surrounding areas have been taken as study area. The land use type and land surface temperature was gained from the Landsat Satellite images based on the RS and GIS techniques. Spatiotemporal variation characteristics and the influencing factors of the land surface temperature over the study area in 1988, 2000, 2010 and 2015 and in different seasons in 2015 were analyzed and discussed. The results indicated that the land use classification and retrieved land surface temperature were accurate and reasonable. From 1988 through 2015, after a post fire reconstruction and urbanization, the construction land area had increased by 11.33 km². There were 79.02% of the land surface without plants in winter because of snow cover, and over 80% of the land surface with high vegetation cover in summer. The surface temperature of the urban was usually higher than the average surface temperature of the whole area, with a temperature difference up to 6.37℃ mostly in summer. In winter, the land surface temperature significantly correlated with elevation, with an averaged land surface temperature gradient of 2.27℃ per 100 m. Besides, NDVI was negatively related to land surface temperature; the surface temperature of different use types was from low to high order of water-woodland-grassland-naked land-building land.

Key words: permafrost regions, land surface temperature, remote sensing, temperature inversion, heat island effect

中图分类号:

TU411

陆妍, 喻文兵, 郭明, 刘伟博. 黑龙江省漠河地区土地覆被与地表温度时空变化特征研究[J]. 冰川冻土, 2017, 39(5): 1137-1149.

LU Yan, YU Wenbing, GUO Ming, LIU Weibo. Spatiotemporal variation characteristics of land cover and land surface temperature in Mohe County, Helongjiang Province[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2017, 39(5): 1137-1149.

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