中国南方2008年与2016年两次低温雨雪冰冻天气过程对比分析

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0131

冰川冻土 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 1180-1191.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0131

中国南方2008年与2016年两次低温雨雪冰冻天气过程对比分析

胡钰玲¹, 赵中军², 康彩燕¹, 康延臻¹, 王式功^1,3, 尚可政¹

1. 兰州大学大气科学学院甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 中国人民解放军 92493部队, 辽宁葫芦岛 125000;
3. 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 四川成都 610225

收稿日期:2016-12-23 修回日期:2017-07-05 出版日期:2017-12-25 发布日期:2018-04-03
通讯作者: 王式功,E-mail:wangsg@lzu.edu.cn. E-mail:wangsg@lzu.edu.cn
作者简介:胡钰玲(1990-),女,甘肃会宁人,2014年在兰州大学获学士学位,现为兰州大学在读博士研究生,从事极端天气气候事件研究.E-mail:huyl10@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（91644226；41575138）；国家基础科技条件平台建设项目（NCMI-SBS17-201607；2016NCMIZX09；NCMI-SJS15-201607）；国家公益性行业（气象）科研专项（GYHY201306047；GYHY201106034）资助

A comparative study of the two weather processes with cold and snowing in southern China in 2008 and 2016

HU Yuling¹, ZHAO Zhongjun², KANG Caiyan¹, KANG Yanzhen¹, WANG Shigong^1,3, SHANG Kezheng¹

1. Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction in Gansu Province, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. The No. 92493 of the Chinese People's Liberation Army of China, Huludao 125000, Liaoning, China;
3. College of Atmospheric Science, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China

Received:2016-12-23 Revised:2017-07-05 Online:2017-12-25 Published:2018-04-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用2.5°×2.5° NCEP/NCAR月平均资料、1°×1° FNL再分析资料、国家气候中心1951年至2016年1月西太平洋副热带高压脊线和西伸脊点两项环流指数，从事件实况（降水、气温和冰冻灾害）、环流条件、能量条件、水汽条件和动力条件几个方面出发，对2008年1月10日至2月2日和2016年1月20至25日发生在中国南方的两次低温雨雪冰冻天气过程做了对比分析。研究表明：（1）"0801南方雪灾"的主要特征表现为降水范围大、过程持续时间长、灾害重；2016年1月低温雨雪冰冻过程的主要特征表现为降水范围小、过程持续时间短、灾害轻。"0801南方雪灾"冷空气强度不如2016年1月强。（2）造成"0801南方雪灾"的亚欧大环流背景为"北脊南槽"型，2016年1月低温雨雪冰冻的亚欧环流形势中低纬同位相，从西伯利亚到伊朗为脊，中蒙由低涡控制。（3）与"0801南方雪灾"相比，2016年1月低温雨雪冰冻期间我国南方对流层中下部10°~20° N的温差较强。（4）"0801南方雪灾"水汽输送偏北（到达34° N）且更高（到达300 hPa），2016年1月低温雨雪冰冻期间水汽输送偏南（到达28° N）且较低（到达400 hPa）。（5）"0801南方雪灾"水汽输送轨迹在5 000 m、3 000 m和1 500 m高度均以西南路径为主，2016年1月低温雨雪冰冻期间水汽输送轨迹在5 000 m、3 000 m和1 500 m高度均以西北路径为主，冷空气沿着低压底部从西北移至南方变性增湿。（6）2008年1月26至28日整层垂直运动弱，但向上扩展高（至200 hPa）；2016年1月22日至24日垂直运动强，但扩展高度低（500 hPa以下）。

关键词: 中国南方, 低温, 雨雪冰冻, 环流形势, 水汽通量, 锋区, 假相当位温

Abstract: In this paper, a comparative study of two weather processes with cold and snowing in southern China occurred over the period from 10th January to 2nd February, 2008 and from 20th January to 25th January, 2016 was performed by using 2.5°×2.5° NCEP/NCAR monthly average data, 1°×1° FNL reanalysis data and January West Pacific subtropical ridge line and western ridge point circulation indexes from 1951 through 2016 from the National Climate Center, from the truth (precipitation, temperature and disasters), circulation conditions, energy, water vapor conditions and dynamic conditions. The following conclusions can be drawn:(1) The first event was featured as having precipitation of large areas, the process lasted long and caused heavy disaster; the second event was characterized as having precipitation of small areas, the process lasted short and caused light disaster. However, the intensity of cold air of the first event was much stronger than that of the second event. (2) The Asia-Europe circulation background of the first event was north ridge and south trough. However, in the second event the circulation pattern in low and middle latitudes was the same phase, featuring as a ridge from Siberia to Iran and a low vortex controlling China and Mongolia. (3) The temperature difference between 20 and 30 N in the middle and lower of troposphere in the second event was stronger than that in the first event. (4) The water vapor transport from south to north extended to 34° N and reached 300 hPa in the first event, but it extended to 28° N and reached 400 hPa in the second event. (5) In the first event, the water vapor at the heights of 5 000 m, 3 000 m and 1 500 m came from the southwesterly path, but in the second event the water vapor at the same heights came from the northwesterly path. (6) The vertical movement of the whole layer was small in the first event but it was extended upward to 200 hPa; in contrast, it was strong in the second event but it was extended upward to 500 hPa.

Key words: southern China, low temperature, cold and snowing, circulation situation, vapor flux, frontal zone, pseudo-equivalent potential temperature

中图分类号:

P448

胡钰玲, 赵中军, 康彩燕, 康延臻, 王式功, 尚可政. 中国南方2008年与2016年两次低温雨雪冰冻天气过程对比分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2017, 39(6): 1180-1191.

HU Yuling, ZHAO Zhongjun, KANG Caiyan, KANG Yanzhen, WANG Shigong, SHANG Kezheng. A comparative study of the two weather processes with cold and snowing in southern China in 2008 and 2016[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2017, 39(6): 1180-1191.

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中国南方2008年与2016年两次低温雨雪冰冻天气过程对比分析

A comparative study of the two weather processes with cold and snowing in southern China in 2008 and 2016

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