1990-2014年西藏季节冻土最大冻结深度的时空变化

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2018.0026

冰川冻土 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 223-230.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2018.0026

1990-2014年西藏季节冻土最大冻结深度的时空变化

高思如¹, 曾文钊², 吴青柏¹, 蒋观利¹, 张中琼¹

1. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冻土工程国家重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 四川省地矿局九一五水文地质工程地质队, 四川眉山 620010

收稿日期:2017-09-02 修回日期:2018-03-05 出版日期:2018-04-25 发布日期:2018-07-02
作者简介:高思如(1984-),女,陕西榆林人,助理研究员,2015年在中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所获博士学位,从事冻土环境与工程研究.E-mail:gaosiru@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
西藏自治区项目“冻土地质灾害调查与防治技术研究”；中国科学院STS项目（HHS-TSS-STS-1502）；国家自然科学基金项目（41330634；41601073）；中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院青年人才成长基金（51Y651K31）；冻土工程国家重点实验室自主研究课题（SKLFSE-ZQ-36）资助

Temporal and spatial variations of the maximum frozen depth of seasonally frozen soil in Tibet from 1990 to 2014

GAO Siru¹, ZENG Wenzhao², WU Qingbai¹, JIANG Guanli¹, ZHANG Zhongqiong¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. No. 915 Hydrogeological and Engineering Geological Team, Sichuan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Meishan 620010, Sichuan, China

Received:2017-09-02 Revised:2018-03-05 Online:2018-04-25 Published:2018-07-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 最大冻结深度是季节冻土变化的主要指标，也是季节冻土地区工程设计、建设、运营的重要参数。通过斯蒂芬（Stefan）方法计算了1990-2014年西藏地区季节冻土的最大冻结深度，分析了其时空变化特征，结果表明：近25 a西藏地区季节冻土最大冻结深度在空间分布具有垂直分带性、纬度地带性和区域性等规律，基本上呈自西北向东南方向递减的空间分布特征；时间上，在全球气候变暖的背景下，最大冻结深度基本呈逐年减薄的特征。西藏地区季节冻土最大冻结深度与年平均气温和年降水量呈现负相关，随着年平均气温和年降水量的上升，最大冻结深度呈减小的趋势，且最大冻结深度对年平均气温的响应比对年降水量的响应显著。

关键词: 西藏, 季节冻土, 最大冻结深度, 时空变化, 气候变化

Abstract: The maximum frozen depth is the major index of the change in seasonally frozen soil. It is also an important parameter for the engineering design, construction and operation in seasonal frozen soil regions. The maximum frozen depth of seasonal frozen soil in Tibet from 1990 to 2014 were calculated by Stefan's method. The temporal and spatial variations of the maximum frozen depth were analyzed. The results indicated that the spatial distribution of the maximum frozen depth in Tibet had the characteristics of vertical zonality, latitude zonality and regional regularity, which had basically decreased from northwest to southeast from 1990 to 2014. In the context of global warming, the maximum frozen depth had decreased from 1990 to 2014. The maximum frozen depth had a negative correlation with the annual mean temperature and annual precipitation; the maximum frost depth decreased with the increase of annual mean temperature and annual precipitation. Beside, the response of maximum frozen depth to annual mean temperature was more significant than that to annual precipitation.

Key words: Tibet, seasonally frozen soil, maximum frozen depth, temporal and spatial variations, climate change

中图分类号:

P642.14

高思如, 曾文钊, 吴青柏, 蒋观利, 张中琼. 1990-2014年西藏季节冻土最大冻结深度的时空变化[J]. 冰川冻土, 2018, 40(2): 223-230.

GAO Siru, ZENG Wenzhao, WU Qingbai, JIANG Guanli, ZHANG Zhongqiong. Temporal and spatial variations of the maximum frozen depth of seasonally frozen soil in Tibet from 1990 to 2014[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2018, 40(2): 223-230.

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1990-2014年西藏季节冻土最大冻结深度的时空变化

Temporal and spatial variations of the maximum frozen depth of seasonally frozen soil in Tibet from 1990 to 2014

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