青藏公路沿线多年冻土区土壤热通量参数化方案的优化和检验

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2018.0036

冰川冻土 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 314-321.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2018.0036

青藏公路沿线多年冻土区土壤热通量参数化方案的优化和检验

杜宜臻^1,2, 李韧¹, 吴通华¹, 谢昌卫¹, 肖瑶¹, 胡国杰¹, 柏睿^1,2, 史健宗¹, 乔永平¹

1. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/青藏高原冰冻圈观测研究站, 甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2017-09-06 修回日期:2018-03-01 出版日期:2018-04-25 发布日期:2018-07-02
通讯作者: 李韧,E-mail:liren@lzb.ac.cn E-mail:liren@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:杜宜臻(1992-),女,山东临沂人,中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院在读博士研究生,从事青藏高原土壤热力特征方面的研究.E-mail:yzhdu@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重大科学研究计划项目（2013CBA01803）；国家自然科学基金项目（41671070；41771076；41271081）；国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金项目（41421061）；中国科学院百人计划项目（51Y551831001）资助

Optimization and validation of the soil heat flux parameterization scheme in permafrost regions along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway

DU Yizhen^1,2, LI Ren¹, WU Tonghua¹, XIE Changwei¹, XIAO Yao¹, HU Guojie¹, BAI Rui^1,2, SHI Jianzong¹, QIAO Yongping¹

1. Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2017-09-06 Revised:2018-03-01 Online:2018-04-25 Published:2018-07-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤热通量是地表能量平衡的重要分量，其估算方案在研究地表能量平衡研究中必不可少。利用青藏公路沿线5个站点0~20 cm的实测土壤层温、湿度及5 cm土壤热通量资料，以翁笃鸣气候学计算方案为基础建立了优化的5 cm土壤热通量计算方案。通过唐古拉和西大滩两个独立站点的检验结果表明，优化方案的结果相对于原方案有较大的改善，唐古拉和西大滩5 cm土壤热通量均方根误差值分别减小了3.2 W·m^-2和4.8 W·m^-2，而相对误差分别减小了61.9%和36.1%，即新方案能够较好地估算出青藏公路沿线多年冻土区5 cm土壤热通量。使用优化方案模拟了青藏公路沿线11个站点5 cm土壤热通量变化，结果显示，近十年青藏公路沿线土壤热通量呈现出增大的趋势，其中，5 cm土壤热通量增大了近1.0 W·m^-2，而且各观测场的年平均土壤热通量值均大于0.0 W·m^-2，表明就年尺度而言，热量有盈余，盈余热量用于加热下层土壤，引起活动层厚度增加，平均状况下土壤热通量每增大1.0 W·m^-2，活动层厚度增大约21.0 cm。

关键词: 青藏公路, 多年冻土, 活动层, 土壤热通量

Abstract: Soil heat flux acts as a key role in the surface energy balance, so it is also essential for the calculation and simulation of surface energy balance. Based on the climatology calculation scheme from Weng Duming, a soil heat flux calculation scheme was optimized using soil temperature, moisture and heat flux data along the Qinghai Tibet Highway. Independent data test results showed that compared with original scheme results, the reliability of optimized scheme has been greatly improved. The root mean square error in the Tangula and Xidatan sites had reduced 3.229 W·m^-2 and 4.821 W·m^-2, respectively, and the relative error had reduced 61.9% and 36.1%, respectively, so the new scheme can be used to effectively calculate local soil heat flux at the depth of 5 cm. In addition, the optimized scheme was used to simulate soil heat flux at the depth of 5 cm of 11 sites along the Qinghai Tibet Highway, the results showed that the soil heat flux at this depth presented an increasing trend, with a rate of nearly 1 W·m^-2 during the past decade. Moreover, the annual average soil heat flux values in all sites were not less than 0.0 W·m^-2, which indicated that local heat had a surplus at the yearly scale. The surplus heat could be used to heat the shallow soils, causing active layer thickness to increase significantly; when the soil heat flux increases 1.0 W·m^-2, active layer thickness will increase 21 cm or so.

Key words: Qinghai-Tibet Highway, permafrost, active layer, soil heat flux

中图分类号:

S152

杜宜臻, 李韧, 吴通华, 谢昌卫, 肖瑶, 胡国杰, 柏睿, 史健宗, 乔永平. 青藏公路沿线多年冻土区土壤热通量参数化方案的优化和检验[J]. 冰川冻土, 2018, 40(2): 314-321.

DU Yizhen, LI Ren, WU Tonghua, XIE Changwei, XIAO Yao, HU Guojie, BAI Rui, SHI Jianzong, QIAO Yongping. Optimization and validation of the soil heat flux parameterization scheme in permafrost regions along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2018, 40(2): 314-321.

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青藏公路沿线多年冻土区土壤热通量参数化方案的优化和检验

Optimization and validation of the soil heat flux parameterization scheme in permafrost regions along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway

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