2000-2014年西藏雅鲁藏布江流域积雪时空变化分析及对气候的响应研究

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2018.0070

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用2000-2014年MODIS逐日无云积雪产品对雅鲁藏布江流域积雪特征的空间分布及变化、积雪随高程变化的规律进行了分析，并采用被动微波数据SMMR （1979-1987年）和SSM/I （1988-2008年）以及中国地面降水和气温0.5°×0.5°日值格点数据集，研究了雅鲁藏布江流域关键积雪参数对气候要素的响应等。结果表明：流域下游积雪日较大且变化剧烈；流域整体上呈显著减少的趋势；积雪日随高程的上升而增加；流域内降水呈不显著的增加趋势，而气温呈显著的增加趋势，最高气温对积雪变化影响最大；气温对积雪终日的影响明显高于积雪初日；在积雪消融期降水的增多促进了积雪的消融。

关键词: MODIS, 积雪, 被动微波数据, 气候要素, 雅鲁藏布江流域

Abstract: The improved MODIS daily snow-cover dataset processed by cloud-removal algorithm was used to investigate the spatio-temporal snow-cover variations from 2000 to 2014 over the Yarlung Zangbo River basin. Then the key snow cover parameters, such as snow-cover days (SCD), start of snow-cover days (SCS), melt out of snow-cover days (SCM), as functions of elevation were analyzed to study the correlations between snow-cover and elevation. Long term snow-cover dataset derived from the passive microwave data of SMMR (1979-1987) and SSM/I (1988-2008), and the China daily precipitation/temperature analysis products derived from National Meteorological Information Center (NMIC) were used to analyze the responses of key snow-cover parameters to climatic factors. The results suggested that:except the broad-leaved forest regions in the eastern Himalayas, the value of SCD over the downstream of the Yarlung Zangbo River had been large and the inter-annual variations of SCD had been also severe; the area decreasing trend of SCD had predominated rather than increasing trend from 1979 to 2008 over the basin; SCD had positively correlated with altitude (R²=0.90, P<0.01); precipitation over the basin had not significantly increased, while temperature had significantly increased at a level of 0.001, and the maximum temperature had impacted mostly on the snow-cover variation; the influence of air temperature on SCM had been significantly higher than that on SCS; the increase of precipitation had promoted the ablation of snow in snow melting season.

Key words: MODIS, snow cover, passive microwave data, climate factors, Yarlung Zangbo River basin

中图分类号:

P426.63+5

刘金平, 张万昌, 邓财, 聂宁. 2000-2014年西藏雅鲁藏布江流域积雪时空变化分析及对气候的响应研究[J]. 冰川冻土, 2018, 40(4): 643-654.

LIU Jinping, ZHANG Wanchang, DENG Cai, NIE Ning. Spatiotemporal variations of snow cover over Yarlung Zangbo River basin in Tibet from 2000 to 2014 and its response to key climate factors[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2018, 40(4): 643-654.

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