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冰川冻土 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 1231-1241.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2018.0133

• 寒旱区水文水资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

1965-2015年新疆夏季不同等级降水的空间分布特征

杜雅菡1, 周顺武1, 亨巴提1,2, 李耀辉3, 王铁4, 宋瑶1   

  1. 1. 南京信息工程大学 气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室, 江苏 南京 210044;
    2. 新疆博州气象局, 新疆 博乐 833400;
    3. 兰州干旱气象研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730020;
    4. 新疆气象局气候中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-23 修回日期:2018-08-02 出版日期:2018-12-25 发布日期:2019-01-21
  • 通讯作者: 周顺武,E-mail:zhou@nuist.edu.cn E-mail:zhou@nuist.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:杜雅菡(1992-),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,2015年在南京信息工程大学获学士学位,现为南京信息工程大学在读硕士研究生,从事气候动力学研究.E-mail:924824955@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室开放研究基金;国家自然科学基金项目(41175081)资助

Spatial distribution of summer graded precipitation in Xinjiang during 1965-2015

DU Yahan1, ZHOU Shunwu1, Hengbati1,2, LI Yaohui3, WANG Tie4, SONG Yao1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education(KLME), Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC), Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
    2. Meteorological Bureau of Bortala Mongolia Autonomous Prefecture, Bole 833400, Xinjiang, China;
    3. Lanzhou Research Institute of Drought, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    4. Climate Center of Xinjiang Meteorological Bureau, Ürümqi 830002, China
  • Received:2017-10-23 Revised:2018-08-02 Online:2018-12-25 Published:2019-01-21

摘要: 根据新疆51个台站1965-2015年夏季逐日降水资料,将降水划分为小雨、中雨及大雨3个等级,分析了新疆近51 a夏季不同等级降水量、降水日数及降水强度的空间分布特征,并讨论了各等级降水日、降水量及降水强度与总降水量的空间相似程度以及各等级降水对夏季总降水的贡献。结果表明:新疆降水主要集中在夏季,并以小雨为主。以天山山脉为界,南北两疆降水空间分布存在明显差异,北疆夏季降水量(日)占年降水量(日)的36%~45%(36%~39%),南疆夏季降水量(日)占年降水量(日)的51%~63%(48%~60%);新疆夏季不同等级降水量、降水日及降水强度的空间分布不均匀。新疆夏季总降水量与各等级降水量的空间相似系数最为密切,与各等级降水强度的空间相似系数相对较小;新疆夏季小雨贡献率最大,中雨其次,大雨最小,夏季降水量和降水日的变化主要受小雨的影响。

关键词: 新疆, 夏季, 降水量, 降水日, 降水强度, 空间分布

Abstract: According to the daily precipitation data collected from 51 stations in Xinjiang during the recent 51 years (1965-2015), the precipitation intensity can be classified into three levels:light rain; moderate rain and heavy rain. The spatial patterns of the three-level precipitation amounts, precipitation days, and precipitation intensity during summers of the 51 years in the area were analyzed, we discuss their spatial pattern differences of total precipitation through spatial correlation coefficient calculation and the contribution of precipitation at different levels to summer total precipitation. Results show as follows:(1) The precipitation occurred most frequently in summer, and the light rain was the major of this area. Taking Tianshan Mountains as the boundary, there was significant differences in the spatial distribution of precipitation in the north and south Xinjiang, the summer precipitation amounts (precipitation days) in North Xinjiang accounted for 36%~45% (36%~39%) of annual precipitation amounts(precipitation days), and in South Xinjiang accounted for 51%~63% (48%~60%) of annual precipitation amounts (precipitation days); (2) The spatial distribution of amount, days and intensity for different grades of precipitation in Xinjiang were uneven. The spatial correlation coefficient of summer total precipitation and the precipitation amounts of each grades was most closely, with the precipitation intensity of each grades were relatively poor; (3) The contribution rate of Xinjiang summer precipitation mainly was light rain, the moderate rain took the second place, and the heavy rain ranked the third. The change of precipitation amounts and precipitation days in summer was mainly affected by light rain.

Key words: Xinjiang, summer, precipitation amounts, precipitation days, precipitation intensity, spatial distribution

中图分类号: 

  • P426.6