沙尘暴对天山托木尔峰青冰滩72号冰川环境的影响

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2018.0407

冰川冻土 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 685-694.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2018.0407

沙尘暴对天山托木尔峰青冰滩72号冰川环境的影响

马珊¹, 夏敦胜¹, 李忠勤^2,3, 周平², 张昕³, 周茜¹, 王家鑫⁴

1. 兰州大学资源环境学院西部环境教育部重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/天山冰川观测试验站, 甘肃兰州 730000;
3. 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 甘肃兰州 730070;
4. 西北师范大学知行学院, 甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2017-09-04 修回日期:2018-01-10 出版日期:2018-08-25 发布日期:2018-10-08
通讯作者: 李忠勤,E-mail:lizq@lzb.ac.cn. E-mail:lizq@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:马珊(1993-),女,山西吕梁人,2016年在山西师范大学获学士学位,现为兰州大学在读硕士研究生,从事大气污染物研究.E-mail:mash2016@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41471058）资助

Impact of sandstorm events on the environment of the Qingbingtan Glacier No.72 in the Mt. Tumur, Tianshan Mountains

MA Shan¹, XIA Dunsheng¹, LI Zhongqin^2,3, ZHOU Ping², ZHANG Xin³, ZHOU Xi¹, WANG Jiaxin⁴

1. Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science/Tianshan Glaciological Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Lanzhou 730000, China;
3. College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
4. Zhixing College of Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2017-09-04 Revised:2018-01-10 Online:2018-08-25 Published:2018-10-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于沙尘暴发生前后在天山托木尔峰青冰滩72号冰川末端采集的7个大气气溶胶样品和在水文断面采集的9个融水径流样品，探讨了沙尘暴事件对天山冰川区大气环境和水环境的影响。结果表明，Ca²⁺和SO₄^2-是青冰滩72号冰川大气和融水径流的主要离子，当沙尘暴发生时，这两种介质中的离子浓度显著升高，而且升高存在同时性。由于影响因素不同，浓度随时间变化的趋势不同，大气环境对沙尘事件的响应能力强，水环境则对温度变化的响应能力更强。通过相关性分析和主成分分析认为，青冰滩72号冰川大气中Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Na⁺、K⁺、Cl^-和SO₄^2-主要以自然源为主；NO₃^-和NH₄⁺则以人为源为主。轨迹分析发现，由源于东欧、西伯利亚经中亚南下的冷气团引发的大风降温天气以及区域沙尘暴对冰川区环境有显著影响。

关键词: 青冰滩72号冰川, 沙尘暴, 大气气溶胶, 径流, 来源

Abstract: In order to analyze the impacts of sandstorm on atmospheric environment and water environment, 7 aerosol samples and 9 meltwater samples were collected from the terminal of the Qingbingtan Glacier No.72 in the Mt. Tumur, Tianshan Mountains. Then the major soluble ions in the aerosol samples and meltwater samples were analyzed in laboratory. The analyses indicate that the anion and cation in air and stream water are dominated by Ca²⁺ and SO₄^2-. According to the analysis of ion, the ion concentration in the two mediums significantly increases at the same time when a sandstorm occurs, but the trend of concentration change is different due to the influence factors different. The response ability of atmospheric environment to dust events is strong, and the water environment is more responsive to temperature change. Soluble inorganic ions, such as Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Cl^- and SO₄^2-, are believed coming from nature sources; NO₃^- and NH₄⁺ are believed coming mainly from anthropogenic sources. The trajectory analysis has found that the cold air mass originating in Eastern Europe and Siberia can lead to regional sandstorm and have a significant influence on the glacier environment.

Key words: Qingbingtan Glacier No.72, sandstorm, atmospheric aerosol, runoff, sources

中图分类号:

X831

马珊, 夏敦胜, 李忠勤, 周平, 张昕, 周茜, 王家鑫. 沙尘暴对天山托木尔峰青冰滩72号冰川环境的影响[J]. 冰川冻土, 2018, 40(4): 685-694.

MA Shan, XIA Dunsheng, LI Zhongqin, ZHOU Ping, ZHANG Xin, ZHOU Xi, WANG Jiaxin. Impact of sandstorm events on the environment of the Qingbingtan Glacier No.72 in the Mt. Tumur, Tianshan Mountains[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2018, 40(4): 685-694.

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沙尘暴对天山托木尔峰青冰滩72号冰川环境的影响

Impact of sandstorm events on the environment of the Qingbingtan Glacier No.72 in the Mt. Tumur, Tianshan Mountains

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