积雪升华过程对高寒湿地陆气相互作用的影响

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2018.0420

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用青海玉树隆宝地区2014年12月积雪升华过程的观测资料，分析了积雪升华过程中高寒湿地陆气相互作用特征及积雪深度对陆气相互作用的影响。结果表明：在降雪和积雪升华过程中，高寒湿地浅层土壤温度在短时期内有所升高，而深层土壤温度和土壤体积含水量对降雪过程的响应不敏感。积雪升华过程中净辐射、感热通量和潜热通量的日平均值增加，向上短波辐射的日平均值减少。积雪逐渐升华导致地表吸收的能量增加，同时地表向大气传递的能量也随之增加。随着积雪的逐步升华，感热占比和潜热占比逐渐升高，而土壤热通量占比和热储存占比逐渐降低。积雪深度增加会导致地表反照率和地表比辐射率增大，感热输送系数减小。

关键词: 青藏高原, 积雪升华, 陆面过程, 地表反照率, 地表比辐射率, 感热输送系数

Abstract: Using the observed data at Longbao, Yushu, Qinghai in Dec. 2014, influence of snow subliming process on land-atmosphere interaction were analyzed. The results show that shallow soil temperature increases in a short time during snow falling and subliming. Responses of deep soil temperature and soil moisture to snowfall are insensitive. Daily averages of net radiation, sensible heat flux and latent heat flux increase during snow subliming process. Daily average of upward shortwave radiation decreases during snow subliming process. The energy absorbed by ground and transferred to atmosphere both increases on account of snow subliming. Sensible heat ratio (H/R_n) and latent heat ratio (LE/R_n) increase while soil heat flux ratio (G/R_n) and heat storage ratio (S/R_n) decrease along with snow subliming process. Surface albedo and surface emissivity increase but sensible heat transfer coefficient decreases with snow cover depth increasing.

Key words: Tibetan Plateau, snow subliming, land surface process, surface albedo, surface emissivity, sensible heat transfer coefficient

中图分类号:

P422

张海宏, 苏永玲, 姜海梅, 晁红艳, 苏文将. 积雪升华过程对高寒湿地陆气相互作用的影响[J]. 冰川冻土, 2018, 40(6): 1223-1230.

ZHANG Haihong, SU Yongling, JIANG Haimei, CHAO Hongyan, SU Wenjiang. Influence of snow subliming process on land-atmosphere interaction at alpine wetland[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2018, 40(6): 1223-1230.

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