玛曲高寒草甸夏季近地层微气象和CO2通量特征分析

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2019.0057

冰川冻土 ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 54-63.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2019.0057

玛曲高寒草甸夏季近地层微气象和CO₂通量特征分析

张懿^1,2，文小航^1,3，王少影⁴，尚伦宇⁴，张宇¹

1.成都信息工程大学大气科学学院高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室，四川成都 610225； 2.广安市环境监测站，四川广安 638000； 3.北京师范大学珠海分校珠海区域气候-环境-生态-预测预警协同创新中心，广东珠海 519087； 4.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室，甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2017-09-28 修回日期:2018-01-25 出版日期:2019-02-25 发布日期:2019-03-16
通讯作者: 文小航，E-mail: wxh@cuit.edu.cn E-mail:wxh@cuit.edu.cn
作者简介:张懿（1993-），男，四川成都人，助理工程师，2018年在成都信息工程大学获硕士学位，从事大气环境监测和大气污染防治工作. E-mail: zhangyi_llj@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(91537214；41405063）资助

Analysis of the near-surface micrometeorology and CO₂ flux over the Maqu alpine meadow in summer#br#

ZHANG Yi^1,2, WEN Xiaohang^1,3, WANG Shaoying⁴, SHANG Lunyu⁴, ZHANG Yu¹

1.Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China; 2.Guang'an Environmental Monitoring Station, Guang'an 638000, Sichuan, China; 3.Zhuhai Joint Innovative Center for Climate- Environment- Ecosystem, Zhuhai Branch of Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, Guangdong, China; 4.Key Laboratory of Land Surface and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2017-09-28 Revised:2018-01-25 Online:2019-02-25 Published:2019-03-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用2015年夏季玛曲高寒草甸观测资料，从中选取7月10个连续完整的观测日，分析了近地层气象要素、地表辐射和能量传输以及CO₂通量日变化特征。结果表明：夏季玛曲地区气温和比湿昼夜差异较大，最大温差为19.2 ℃，平均风速为2.7 m?s^-1，风向以东风为主。晴天条件下向下短波辐射可达1 200 W?m^-2左右，平均地表反照率为0.22，均大于藏北那曲地区。净辐射峰值可达850 W?m^-2左右，陆-气间能量传输以潜热输送为主。10 d能量闭合度平均值为0.61，能量不平衡程度较大。夏季玛曲高寒草甸表现为“碳汇”，CO₂通量平均值为-0.20 mg?m^-2?s^-1，晴天碳吸收最大速率为-14.05 mg?m^-2?s^-1，显著大于阴天，最大碳吸收时长为13 h，CO₂密度平均值为530.7 mg?m^-3。

关键词: 黄河源区, 高寒草甸, 能量平衡, CO₂通量

Abstract: For a better comprehension of the characteristics of the micrometeorology and CO₂ flux in Maqu alpine meadow in the Yellow River source regions during summer, in-situ measured data in Zoige Plateau Wetlands Ecosystem Research Station were collected. The continuous and integrated surface and near surface meteorological elements, such as ground surface radiation and albedo, energy balance and closure ratio, CO₂ flux and density from July 4 to 13 in 2015 were collected, and their daily variations were analyzed. The analyses show that: The variation tendency of specific humidity is almost converse with that of air temperature, and both have significant difference between daytime and nighttime. Wind speed in daytime is larger than that in nighttime, and east wind is the dominated wind direction. Soil moisture shows a sustainable decrease during fine days. The peak value of downward shortwave radiation reaches up to about 1 200 W?m^-2, close to that in Lake Ngoring lakeside and larger than that in Nagqu. The daily averaged albedo is 0.22, close to those in Lake Ngoring lakeside alpine meadow and Northern Tibetan Plateau, and larger than those in Litang and Haibei alpine meadow. The peak value of the net radiation is about 850 W?m^-2. There are negative ground heat flux, latent heat flux and sensible heat flux during nighttime. The energy transfer between land surface and atmosphere is dominated by latent heat. Otherwise, the averaged energy closure ratio is 0.56. The averaged CO₂ flux and density over the Maqu alpine meadow are -0.20 mg?m^-2?s^-1 and 530.7 mg?m^-3, respectively.

Key words: Yellow River source regions, alpine meadow, energy balance, CO₂flux

中图分类号:

P422.4

张懿, 文小航, 王少影, 尚伦宇, 张宇. 玛曲高寒草甸夏季近地层微气象和CO₂通量特征分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2019, 41(1): 54-63.

ZHANG Yi, WEN Xiaohang, WANG Shaoying, SHANG Lunyu, ZHANG Yu. Analysis of the near-surface micrometeorology and CO₂ flux over the Maqu alpine meadow in summer#br#[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2019, 41(1): 54-63.

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玛曲高寒草甸夏季近地层微气象和CO₂通量特征分析

Analysis of the near-surface micrometeorology and CO₂ flux over the Maqu alpine meadow in summer#br#

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