1976-2017年柴达木盆地湖泊面积变化及其成因分析

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2019.0304

冰川冻土 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 1275-1284.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2019.0304

1976-2017年柴达木盆地湖泊面积变化及其成因分析

杜玉娥¹, 刘宝康², 贺卫国³, 周剑平¹, 段水强⁴

1. 甘肃自然能源研究所, 甘肃兰州 730046;
2. 天水师范学院资源与环境工程学院, 甘肃天水 741000;
3. 广东财经大学信息技术学院, 广东广州 410006;
4. 青海省水文水资源勘查局, 青海西宁 810001

收稿日期:2018-04-22 修回日期:2018-09-12 出版日期:2018-12-25 发布日期:2019-01-21
通讯作者: 刘宝康,E-mail:345337505@qq.com E-mail:345337505@qq.com
作者简介:杜玉娥(1974-),甘肃灵台人,工程师,2018年在兰州大学获博士学位,从事湖泊、草地遥感和能源估算研究.E-mail:duye12@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
甘肃省科学院应用与研发项目（D0281）；国家自然科学基金（41561016；41861013；41801052）资助

Analysis on the variation and cause of the lake area in Qaidam Basin from 1976 to 2017

DU Yu'e¹, LIU Baokang², HE Weiguo³, ZHOU Jianping¹, DUAN Shuiqiang⁴

1. Natural Energy Research Institute, Lanzhou 730046, China;
2. College of Resoures and Environmental Engineering, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui 741000, China;;
3. Information Science School, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou 510320, China;
4. Hydrology and Water Resource Bureau of Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China

Received:2018-04-22 Revised:2018-09-12 Online:2018-12-25 Published:2019-01-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高原湖泊是反映气候变化敏感的指示器。利用1976-2017年的多源资料对柴达木盆地湖泊面积动态进行了监测。结果表明：近50多年来，柴达木盆地气候呈现气温升高，降水普遍增加的增暖增湿趋势，21世纪以来这一趋势更为明显，但存在地区差异，年平均气温升温速率自东向西趋于增加，降水增加速率自东向西趋于减小；柴达木盆地外围东部的托素湖面积1956-2017年总体呈弱的减小趋势，减速为0.41 km²·a^-1。但2005-2017年期间湖面以1.34 km²·a^-1的增速呈明显扩张趋势，中部的小柴旦湖面积与过去13年同期平均相比，扩大了19.87 km²，而西部的尕斯库勒湖呈先增加后减小的趋势。柴达木盆地气候变化、植被面积、入湖径流等因子是导致湖泊面积变化的主要原因。

关键词: 柴达木盆地, 湖泊, 气候变化, 水体面积, 遥感监测, 成因分析

Abstract: The plateau lakes are sensitive indicators of climate change. The variation of lake area were monitored by using multi-source satellite data from 1976 to 2017 in the Qaidam Basin. The results show that the climate of the basin had been warming and humidifying in the 50 years, especially since 2000. The rising rate of annual average temperature had increased from east to west, and the increasing rate of precipitation had decreased from east to west. The Torsu Lake in the eastern part of the basin had less decreased from 1956 to 2017, with a rate of -0.41 km²·a^-1. However, during the period of 2005-2017, the lake surface had expanded at a rate of 1.34 km²·a^-1. The area of Xiaochaidan Lake in the basin middle had increased 19.87 km² as compared with that in the past 13 years; while the area of the western Gaskule Lake had increased first and then decreased. Climate change, variations of vegetation area and lake runoff and human activity are the main causes of lake area change in Qaidam Basin.

Key words: Qaidam Basin, lakes, climate change, water area, remote sensing monitoring, cause analysis

中图分类号:

P343.3

杜玉娥, 刘宝康, 贺卫国, 周剑平, 段水强. 1976-2017年柴达木盆地湖泊面积变化及其成因分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2018, 40(6): 1275-1284.

DU Yu'e, LIU Baokang, HE Weiguo, ZHOU Jianping, DUAN Shuiqiang. Analysis on the variation and cause of the lake area in Qaidam Basin from 1976 to 2017[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2018, 40(6): 1275-1284.

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1976-2017年柴达木盆地湖泊面积变化及其成因分析

Analysis on the variation and cause of the lake area in Qaidam Basin from 1976 to 2017

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