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冰川冻土 ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 1126-1134.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2019.0308

• 冰冻圈与全球变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

1998 - 2017年天山麦兹巴赫冰川湖面积变化研究

李达1,2(), 上官冬辉1(), 黄维东3   

  1. 1.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
    3.甘肃省水文水资源局, 甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-04 修回日期:2018-12-12 出版日期:2020-12-31 发布日期:2021-01-21
  • 通讯作者: 上官冬辉 E-mail:lida@lzb.ac.cn;dhguan@lzb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:李达(1993 - ), 男, 河北保定人, 2016年在河北师范大学获学士学位, 现为中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院在读硕士研究生, 从事冰湖及冰川灾害研究. E-mail: lida@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41671066);冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室自主研究项目(SKLCS-ZZ-2017)

Research on the area change of Lake Merzbacher in the Tianshan Mountains during 1998 - 2017

Da LI1,2(), Donghui SHANGGUAN1(), Weidong HUANG3   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Cryosphereic Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    3.Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2018-05-04 Revised:2018-12-12 Online:2020-12-31 Published:2021-01-21
  • Contact: Donghui SHANGGUAN E-mail:lida@lzb.ac.cn;dhguan@lzb.ac.cn

摘要:

天山麦兹巴赫冰川湖突发洪水是阿克苏河重要的致灾源。利用1998 - 2017年不同时段的Landsat、 环境灾害卫星及高分遥感数据, 通过Munsell HSV变换, 获取了湖面范围。通过对比不同时期的冰湖面积, 对1998 - 2017年麦兹巴赫冰川湖最大面积的变化进行了分析。结果表明: 麦兹巴赫冰川湖的面积从1998年的3.75 km2逐渐变化为2017年的2.87 km2, 影响冰湖储量的下湖面积从3.3 km2减少为1.88 km2, 呈现缩小趋势, 上湖面积则有明显扩张。叠加了时间因子的正积温同冰湖面积有良好的正相关性, 说明气温通过影响冰雪融水以及冰坝稳定性, 从而影响冰湖的面积。研究内容可为区域性冰湖面积变化提供特殊案例, 并为冰湖面积扩张归因分析提供科学参考。

关键词: 麦兹巴赫冰川湖, 遥感, 面积变化, 天山

Abstract:

The glacial outburst flood of Lake Merzbacher is the serious disaster source of the Aksu River. In this study, utilizing the remote sensing data of Landsat, HJ-1A/B and GF-1 from 1998 to 2017, the lake’s area was abstracted with the method of Munsell HSV Transform. By analyzing and comparing the maximum lake area of different years, it was found that the area of Lake Merzbacher has shrank from 3.75 km2 to 2.87 km2 in recent 20 years. Lake Merzbacher contains two small lakes, Upper lake and Lower lake. Lower lake which dominates the storage of the whole lake has shrank from 3.3 km2 to 1.88 km2 during 1998 - 2017. On the contrary, Upper lake has expanded. As a consequence, the total water capacity has reduced. The relationship between the area of Lake Merzbacher and temperature was examined, and it is found that positive accumulated temperature affected by the lake’s outburst date has strong positive correlation with the area of Lower lake, which means that temperature can make a difference to the lake’s area through impacting meltwater to the lake and the stability of the dam.

Key words: Lake Merzbacher, remote sensing, area change, Tianshan Mountains

中图分类号: 

  • P343.6