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冰川冻土 ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 598-608.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2019.0522

• 冰冻圈水文与水资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国新疆北部地区夏季极端降水事件的特征分析

周雅蔓1,2(), 赵勇2(), 刘晶3,4   

  1. 1.新疆维吾尔自治区气象台,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002
    2.成都信息工程大学 大气科学学院,四川 成都 610225
    3.中国气象局 乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002
    4.中亚大气科学研究中心,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-14 修回日期:2019-07-26 出版日期:2020-08-31 发布日期:2020-09-11
  • 通讯作者: 赵勇 E-mail:15276759704@163.com;zhaoyong@idm.cn
  • 作者简介:周雅蔓(1990 - ), 女, 新疆博乐人, 工程师, 2020年在成都信息工程大学获硕士学位, 从事天气预报预测和灾害性天气研究. E-mail: 15276759704@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划专项(2018YEC1507103);中亚大气科学研究基金(CAAS201902);中国沙漠气象科学研究基金项目(Sqj2016005)

Analyzing on the characteristics of extreme summer precipitation events in northern Xinjiang

Yaman ZHOU1,2(), Yong ZHAO2(), Jing LIU3,4   

  1. 1.Xinjiang Meteorological Observatory,Urumqi 830002,China
    2.College of Atmospheric Sciences,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China
    3.Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China
    4.Center for Central Asia Atmosphere Science Research,Urumqi 830002,China
  • Received:2018-05-14 Revised:2019-07-26 Online:2020-08-31 Published:2020-09-11
  • Contact: Yong ZHAO E-mail:15276759704@163.com;zhaoyong@idm.cn

摘要:

基于1961 - 2017年6 - 8月新疆北部47个观测站点的逐日降水资料, 根据百分位法定义不同站点的夏季极端降水阈值, 分析了新疆北部地区夏季极端降水事件和最大日降水的时空分布特征、 贡献率及其与海拔的关系。结果表明: 新疆北部地区夏季极端降水事件和最大日降水量的各个特征量分布存在明显的时空差异, 空间上夏季极端降水事件、 最大日降水量表现为山区高、 盆地低的特点,在海拔2 000 m左右存在一个最大降水带; 夏季极端降水事件和最大日降水量呈增多、 增强的趋势, 并从20世纪90年代前后开始有明显的增加。夏季极端降水事件主要以单日为主, 夏季极端降水贡献随时间呈缓慢增加的趋势, 而夏季极端降水过程贡献和最大日降水贡献随时间变化呈下降趋势。

关键词: 极端降水, 最大日降水, 时空分布, 海拔, 新疆北部

Abstract:

Based on the summer daily precipitation data from 47 observational stations in northern Xinjiang from 1961 to 2017, the extreme summer precipitation thresholds at different observational stations were defined according to the percentile method. The temporal and spatial distribution of the extreme summer precipitation events and the maximum daily precipitation in northern Xinjiang and their contribution, relationship with altitude were analyzed. The results indicate that: Both extreme summer precipitation events and the maximum daily precipitation in the northern Xinjiang had presented obviously temporal and spatial differences. The extreme summer precipitation and the maximum daily precipitation were high in the mountains and low in the basin. There was a maximum precipitation band occurred at approximately 2 000 m above sea level. The extreme summer precipitation events and the maximum daily precipitation in northern Xinjiang had been significantly increased since the 1990s. The extreme precipitation events in summer were mainly on a single day. The contribution of the extreme summer precipitation had been slowly increased. But the contribution of the precipitation of the extreme precipitation process and the maximum daily precipitation in summer had showed a downward trend over time.

Key words: extreme precipitation, maximum daily precipitation, temporal and spatial distribution, altitude, northern Xinjiang

中图分类号: 

  • P467