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冰川冻土 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 24-35.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2019.1002

• 冰冻圈与全球变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川东支能量-物质平衡模拟研究

李宏亮1,2(), 王璞玉1,2(), 李忠勤1,3, 金爽1, 徐春海1, 梁鹏斌3, 岳晓英1, 羊旻1   

  1. 1.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/天山冰川观测试验站, 甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
    3.西北师范大学 地理与环境科学学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-08 修回日期:2019-05-30 出版日期:2021-02-28 发布日期:2021-04-06
  • 通讯作者: 王璞玉 E-mail:lhl_0922@yeah.net;wangpuyu@lzb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:李宏亮,硕士研究生,主要从事冰川能量-物质平衡模拟研究. E-mail:lhl_0922@yeah.net
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41771077);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作研究项目(41761134093);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA20020102)

Study on the energy-mass balance simulation of the east branch of the Urumqi Glacier No. 1, Tianshan Mountains

Hongliang LI1,2(), Puyu WANG1,2(), Zhongqin LI1,3, Shuang JIN1, Chunhai XU1, Pengbin LIANG3, Xiaoying YUE1, Min YANG1   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science / Tianshan Glaciological Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    3.College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
  • Received:2019-01-08 Revised:2019-05-30 Online:2021-02-28 Published:2021-04-06
  • Contact: Puyu WANG E-mail:lhl_0922@yeah.net;wangpuyu@lzb.ac.cn

摘要:

基于天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川东支海拔4 025 m处自动气象站的观测数据和同期物质平衡花杆观测数据,采用COSIMA模型,对该冰川东支2018年消融期单点能量-物质平衡进行了模拟。结果显示:物质平衡模拟值为(-0.67±0.03)m w.e.,与实测值有非常好的一致性,相关系数达0.96。造成冰川消融的能量来源于净短波辐射(84%)、感热通量(16%);冰川能量支出为净长波辐射(55%)、冰川消融耗热(32%)、潜热交换(7%)及地热通量(6%)。受能量收支影响,模拟物质平衡主要取决于表面消融和固态降水。与我国其他区域大陆型冰川研究结果比较发现,乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川物质损失较为显著,能量通量主要取决于海拔以及气候条件,再冻结和固态降水显著小于羌塘1号冰川和扎当冰川,推测与单条冰川所处的大气环流有关。

关键词: 乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川, 消融期, 能量平衡, 物质平衡, 模拟

Abstract:

Glacier ablation can be described using energy-mass balance models. This paper conducts an energy budget experiment to quantify energy components in the Urumqi Glacier No.1, Tianshan Mountains. Based on the automatic weather station (4 025 m a.s.l.) observation data and mass balance field survey data by five individual ablation stakes on the east branch of the glacier, the single-point energy-mass balance was simulated by “COupled Snowpack and Ice surface energy and MAss balance model” (COSIMA) during the ablation season in 2018. Results showed that the modelled accumulative mass balance was (-0.67±0.03) m w.e. during the study period, which agreed well with the in-situ observation. The correlation coefficient between both reached to 0.96. The main energy component causing the glacier ablation were net shortwave radiation (84%) and sensible heat flux (16%). The main energy expenditure were the net longwave radiation (55%), the heat flux for snow/ice ablation (32%), latent heat flux (7%) and ground heat flux (6%). Affected by energy budget, modelled accumulative mass balance mainly depended on surface melt and snowfall. Comparing with the other continental glaciers in China, it is found that mass loss of the Urumqi Glacier No.1 was more significant and that energy fluxes mainly depends on altitude and climatic conditions. In addition, the refreezing and snowfall on the Urumqi Glacier No.1 were significantly less than that on the Qiangtang No.1 Glacier and Zhadang Glacier, probably due to the atmospheric circulation over the single glacier. These findings will enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of glacier changes.

Key words: Urumqi Glacier No.1, ablation season, energy balance, mass balance, simulation

中图分类号: 

  • P343.6