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冰川冻土 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 36-48.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2019.1099

• 冰冻圈与全球变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

1987—2016年雀儿山冰川变化及其对气候变化的响应

欧健滨1(), 许刘兵1(), 蒲焘2   

  1. 1.华南师范大学 地理科学学院,广东 广州 510631
    2.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室 玉龙雪山冰川与环境观测研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-13 修回日期:2019-09-09 出版日期:2021-02-28 发布日期:2021-04-06
  • 通讯作者: 许刘兵 E-mail:522240265@qq.com;xuliubing234@163.com
  • 作者简介:欧健滨,硕士研究生,主要从事遥感与地理信息系统环境变化应用研究. E-mail: 522240265@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41771065);华南师范大学研究生创新计划项目(2018LKXM036)

Glacier change and its response to climate change in the Que’er Mountains, 19872016

Jianbin OU1(), Liubing XU1(), Tao PU2   

  1. 1.School of Geography,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China
    2.Yulong Snow Mountain Glacier and Environment Observation Research Station,State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2019-05-13 Revised:2019-09-09 Online:2021-02-28 Published:2021-04-06
  • Contact: Liubing XU E-mail:522240265@qq.com;xuliubing234@163.com

摘要:

深入了解全球变暖背景下青藏高原东南部海洋型冰川的变化趋势及其对气候变化的响应,对认识不同类型冰川对气候变化的响应方式有重要意义。根据Landsat系列遥感影像和数字高程等数据提取了青藏高原东南部雀儿山地区1987—2016年期间多年的冰川边界,并对其变化过程和特征进行了分析。结果表明:1987—2016年雀儿山地区冰川面积持续减小,变化率为(-1.69±0.87)%·a-1,为青藏高原众多山系中变化最大的之一。研究区冰川消融主要发生在规模<1 km2的小型冰川及海拔5 200 m以下的冰川消融区,其中西南方向的冰川退缩速率最大。气象数据分析结果显示,1987—2016年雀儿山地区夏季平均气温总体上升了1.58 ℃,平均升温速率为0.33 ℃?(10a)-1。由于夏季平均气温与冰川变化过程有显著的相关性,而同期年降水量无明显变化,由此推测,夏季平均气温的上升是雀儿山地区冰川快速退缩的主因。此外,相对于单纯基于光谱特征提取冰川信息,结合地形阴影模拟数据进行遥感冰川分类在一定程度上可以提高分类精度。

关键词: 冰川退缩, 气候变化, 雀儿山, 冰川遥感

Abstract:

In the context of global warming, an in-depth understanding of the variation trend of marine type glaciers in the southeast of the Tibetan Plateau and their response to climate change is of great significance for understanding the response mode of different types of glaciers to climate change. Based on the remote sensing images of Landsat series and digital elevation data, this paper extracted the glacial periphery of the Que’er Mountains in the southeast of the Tibetan Plateau from 1987 to 2016, and analyzed its change process and characteristics. The results showed that from 1987 to 2016, the glacierized area in the Que’er Mountains continued to decrease, and the average annual rate of change was (-1.69±0.87)%·a-1, which was one of the maximum in many mountain systems in the Tibetan Plateau. The glacier ablation in the study area mainly occurred on the small glaciers less than 1 km2 and the glacier ablation zone below 5 200 m a.s.l., among which the glacier retreat rate in the southwest direction was the largest. The meteorological data analysis shows that from 1987 to 2016, the average temperature in summer in the Que’er Mountains had increased by 1.58 ℃ on the whole, with the mean air temperature rise rate of 0.33 ℃?(10a)-1. Since the average temperature in summer was significantly correlated with the glacier change process, but the annual precipitation in the same period did not change significantly, it was speculated that the rise of the average temperature in summer was the main reason for the rapid retreat of glaciers in the Que’er Mountains. In addition, this paper also found that compared with extracting glacier information based on spectral features only, the classification accuracy of remote sensing glacier classification based on terrain shadow simulation data can be improved to a certain extent.

Key words: glacier retreat, climate change, Que’er Mountains, remote sensing of glacier

中图分类号: 

  • P343.6