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冰川冻土 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 939-947.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2021.0050

• 第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

青藏高原雨季降水的水汽条件研究

段丽君1,2(), 申红艳1,2(), 余迪1,2, 马有绚1,2, 白文蓉1,2, 李万志1,2   

  1. 1.青海省气候中心,青海 西宁 810001
    2.青海省防灾减灾重点实验室,青海 西宁 810001
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-21 修回日期:2020-08-19 出版日期:2021-08-31 发布日期:2021-09-09
  • 通讯作者: 申红艳 E-mail:duanljlz@163.com;ishyshen@163.com
  • 作者简介:段丽君,工程师,主要从事短期气候预测工作. E-mail:duanljlz@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0906);青海省气象科学研究技术项目“影响青海省秋季降水的关键因子及其诊断分析”;中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2019-128);中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201929);国家自然科学基金项目(41761078);中国科学院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室开放基金项目(LPCC2019009);青海省科技厅应用基础研究项目(2021-ZJ-757)

Study on water vapor conditions of precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau during rainy season

Lijun DUAN1,2(), Hongyan SHEN1,2(), Di YU1,2, Youxuan MA1,2, Wenrong BAI1,2, Wanzhi LI1,2   

  1. 1.Qinghai Climate Center,Xining 810001,China
    2.Key Laboratory for Preventing and Mitigating Disaster of Qinghai Province,Xining 810001,China
  • Received:2020-05-21 Revised:2020-08-19 Online:2021-08-31 Published:2021-09-09
  • Contact: Hongyan SHEN E-mail:duanljlz@163.com;ishyshen@163.com

摘要:

利用1961—2017年青藏高原109站降水量资料、NCEP全球逐月再分析资料,讨论了雨季期间高原的水汽输送特征。结果表明:高原雨季降水呈显著的年际变化特征,高原雨季降水主模态为南北反向型和全区一致型。气候态高原雨季的水汽输送路径为来自阿拉伯海的偏西风水汽输送,在孟加拉湾附近分为三支水汽输送气流:一支向北输送,自高原南缘输入;一支在南海附近转为偏南风水汽输送,自东南侧输入高原;一支受高原大地形的阻挡作用,转为偏西风水汽输送。在全区一致型降水偏多年,高原主体呈现北部弱辐合、南部辐散的分布形态;在全区一致型降水偏少年,来自阿拉伯海偏南水汽输送在25° N附近转为偏东水汽输送,在高原南缘形成较强的水汽辐合中心。雨季期间高原各边界的水汽收支情况表现为西、南、东边界以水汽输入为主,北边界为水汽输出,南边界水汽输入量最大,西边界次之。

关键词: 青藏高原, 雨季, 水汽输送, 边界水汽收支

Abstract:

Based on the precipitation data on the Tibetan Plateau and the monthly reanalysis data of NCEP during 1961—2017, the water vapor transport characteristics of the Tibetan Plateau during rainy season was discussed. The results are as follows: the average precipitation of the Tibetan Plateau during the rainy season (May to September) had a significant inter-annual change; there is dramatically difference between the southern and northern Tibetan Plateau in the first EOF mode, and the second EOF mode had the same anormaly in whole area. Climate moisture transport path on the Tibetan Plateau during rainy season is westerly wind from the Arabian Sea is divided into three steam delivery streams near the Bay of Bengal: one part goes north, some of them shifted to southerly winds near the South China Sea, some of them transferred to the westerly wind were blocked by the plateau topography. In the strong years of precipitation during rainy season, the main body of the plateau is characterized by northern convergence and southern divergence. In the weak years, the southerly water vapor flow from the Arabian Sea changes to an easterly water current near 25° N, a strong water vapor convergence center is formed at the southern edge of the plateau. During the rainy season, the water vapor budget at each boundary of the plateau is as follows: the west, south and east boundaries are dominated by water vapor input, only the north boundary is the water vapor output, and the south boundary is the largest water vapor input, followed by the west boundary.

Key words: Tibetan Plateau, rainy season, water vapor transport, boundary water vapor budget

中图分类号: 

  • P426