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冰川冻土 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 976-986.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2021.0055

• 冰冻圈与全球变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

20082018年中国冰川变化分析

赵华秋1(), 王欣1,2(), 赵轩茹3, 郭万钦2, 刘时银4, 魏俊锋1, 张勇1   

  1. 1.湖南科技大学 资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南 湘潭 411201
    2.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.兰州大学 资源环境学院,甘肃 兰州 730000
    4.云南大学 国际河流与生态安全研究院,云南 昆明 650091
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-14 修回日期:2021-06-21 出版日期:2021-08-31 发布日期:2021-09-09
  • 通讯作者: 王欣 E-mail:zhaohuaqiu1996@163.com;wangx@hnust.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:赵华秋,硕士研究生,主要从事冰冻圈遥感与灾害研究. E-mail:zhaohuaqiu1996@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41771075)

Analysis of glacier changes in China from 2008 to 2018

Huaqiu ZHAO1(), Xin WANG1,2(), Xuanru ZHAO3, Wanqin GUO2, Shiyin LIU4, Junfeng WEI1, Yong ZHANG1   

  1. 1.College of Resources,Environment and Safety Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,Hunan,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
    4.Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China
  • Received:2021-01-14 Revised:2021-06-21 Online:2021-08-31 Published:2021-09-09
  • Contact: Xin WANG E-mail:zhaohuaqiu1996@163.com;wangx@hnust.edu.cn

摘要:

调查冰川资源的分布与变化,对区域乃至全球的自然环境与经济社会发展都具有十分重要的意义。基于315景Landsat 8 OLI遥感影像,结合中国第二次冰川编目数据与Google Earth软件,通过人工目视解译等方法调查了2018年中国冰川的分布与变化。结果表明:中国现存冰川53 238条,总面积为(47 174.21±19.93) km2,72%的冰川面积<0.5 km2,规模在1~32 km2的冰川的面积占中国冰川总面积的60%。2008—2018年,中国冰川总面积减少1 393.97 km2,面积变化率为-0.43%?a-1。冰川面积变化率表现出明显的空间差异,面积退缩最快的是冈底斯山,达-1.07%?a-1;最慢的是羌塘高原,为-0.05%?a-1。坡度上,各山系之间的冰川面积变化率差异较为明显。超过70%的山系位于正东和东南方向的冰川面积退缩快,2008—2018年退缩率为-5.0%;正北方向的冰川面积退缩相对缓慢,同时期退缩率为-3.8%。气温和降水变化率差异以及海拔、坡度、坡向等地形差异,共同影响中国冰川的变化。

关键词: 冰川编目, Landsat影像, 冰川面积变化, 中国冰川

Abstract:

For the regional and global natural environment and economic and social development,it is of great significance to investigate the distribution and changes of glacier. In this paper, the boundary of the existing glaciers in China was achieved by manually visual interpretation guided by the methodology of the Second Chinese Glacier Inventory based on 315 Landsat 8 OLI remote sensing images, global watershed data and Google Earth in 2018. The state and area changes of glacier were examined during 2008—2018 compared to glacier boundary from the Second Chinese Glacier Inventory. The results show that there are 53 238 glaciers with a total area of (47 174.21±19.93) km2 in China currently, 72% of the glaciers in China are less than 0.5 km2, and the area of glaciers with a scale of 1 to 32 km2 accounts for 60% of the total area of Chinese glaciers. From 2008 to 2018, the total area of glaciers in China has decreased by 1 393.97 km2, and the area change rate was -0.43%?a-1. The area change rate of glacier shows obvious spatial heterogeneity. The fastest rate of glacier area retreat is the Gangdisê Mountains, reaching -1.07%?a-1; the slowest is the Qiangtang Plateau, with -0.05%?a-1. In terms of slope, the difference in change rate of glacier area between various mountains is relatively obvious. During 2008—2018, more than 70% of the mountains are located in the east and southeast with a fast average retreat ratio, which is -5.0%, and the retreat of glaciers in the north direction is relatively slow, with a retreat ratio of -3.8% during the same period. Differences in temperature and precipitation change rates, as well as differences in altitude, slope and aspect, affect glacier changes in China together.

Key words: glacier inventory, Landsat images, glacial area changes, glaciers in China

中图分类号: 

  • P343.6