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冰川冻土 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 999-1008.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2021.0067

• 冰冻圈与全球变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于MODIS数据的额尔齐斯河上游河冰物候研究

胡婉嫔1,2(), 效存德1,3, 谢爱红1, 沈永平1, 雷华锦1   

  1. 1.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
    3.北京师范大学 地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-11 修回日期:2020-06-20 出版日期:2021-08-31 发布日期:2021-09-09
  • 作者简介:胡婉嫔,硕士研究生,主要从事河冰的遥感监测研究. E-mail: huwanpin@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41671073)

Study on river ice phenology of upper Irtysh River with MODIS data

Wanpin HU1,2(), Cunde XIAO1,3, Aihong XIE1, Yongping SHEN1, Huajin LEI1   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China
  • Received:2019-09-11 Revised:2020-06-20 Online:2021-08-31 Published:2021-09-09

摘要:

额尔齐斯河发源于中国新疆阿尔泰山南坡,是中国唯一流入北冰洋的河流。随着中俄“冰上丝绸之路”提出,额尔齐斯河通航具有重要意义,监测其河冰物候变化显得尤为必要。本研究基于2001—2018年MOD09GQ第2波段数据,分析了额尔齐斯河布尔津至斋桑泊段每年河冰物候信息,包括开始封河时间、结束开河时间、冰/雪最大覆盖时间、冰期持续时间、封河速率和开河速率。研究结果表明:(1)MOD09GQ的反射率随河冰开河而逐渐降低,经与南湾水文站实际观测的冰期持续时间相比较,其所得冰期持续时间与实测冰期持续时间变化一致,均略有延长趋势,这表明MOD09GQ能有效监测河冰物候信息;(2)开始封河时间与结束开河时间均有提前趋势,最早开始封河比最晚开始封河提前45天,最早结束开河比最晚结束开河时间提前31天,开始封河比结束开河提前时间更多,导致整个冰期持续时间有延长趋势;(3)封河速率有变慢趋势,开河速率有逐渐加快趋势,这意味着若未来该河段通航,每年通航期将延长,将带来更大的经济效益。

关键词: 额尔齐斯河, 遥感监测, 开封河速率, 河冰冰期持续时间

Abstract:

The Irtysh River originates from the southern slope of the Altai Mountains in Xinjiang, China, and is the only river in China that flows into the Arctic Ocean. With the “Polar Silk Road” proposed by China and Russia, the navigation of the Irtysh River is of great significance, and it is particularly necessary to monitor the changes of its river ice phenology. Based on the second band data of MOD09GQ from 2001 to 2018, this paper analyzes the annual river ice phenology information of the Irtysh River from Burqin to Lake Zaysan, including the beginning time of river freezing, the end time of river ice breaking, the maximum coverage time of ice/snow, the duration of river ice period, the freezing rate and the breaking rate. The results show that: (1) the reflectivity of MOD09GQ gradually decreases with the opening of the river ice. Compared with the observed duration of the river ice period at Nanwan station, the obtained duration of the river ice period coincides with the observed duration of the river ice period, and has an extended trend. This shows that MOD09GQ can effectively monitor river ice phenology information. (2) The beginning of river closure and the end of river closure both showed an early trend. The beginning of river closure was 45 days earlier than the end of river closure, and the end of river closure was 31 days earlier than the end of river closure. (3) The closure rate tends to slow down and the opening rate tends to accelerate gradually, which means that if the river reaches are navigable in the future, the annual navigation period will be extended. Bring greater economic benefits.

Key words: Irtysh River, remote sensing monitoring, rate of river breaking and freezing, duration of river ice season

中图分类号: 

  • P343.6+3