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冰川冻土 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 405-416.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2021.0136

• 冰冻圈与全球变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

1986—2015年长江源各拉丹冬地区冰川变化遥感监测研究

李晨毓1,3(), 井哲帆1(), 何晓波1,2   

  1. 1.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院 西北生态环境 资源研究院 内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-19 修回日期:2021-03-24 出版日期:2021-04-30 发布日期:2022-08-11
  • 通讯作者: 井哲帆 E-mail:lichenyu@lzb.ac.cn;jingzhefan@nieer.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:李晨毓,博士研究生,主要从事冰川变化与冰冻圈资源利用研究. E-mail: lichenyu@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41671071);冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLCS-OP-2019-04)

Remote sensing monitoring of glacier variation in Geladandong, source regions of the Yangtze River from 1986 to 2015

Chenyu LI1,3(), Zhefan JING1(), Xiaobo HE1,2   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
  • Received:2020-11-19 Revised:2021-03-24 Online:2021-04-30 Published:2022-08-11
  • Contact: Zhefan JING E-mail:lichenyu@lzb.ac.cn;jingzhefan@nieer.ac.cn

摘要:

以长江源各拉丹冬为研究区,针对该地区地物特点,选取了1986—2015年间云量较少、成像质量较高的相关卫星影像作为数据源,在充分了解环境特征与影像特点的基础上,基于“波段阈值比值法”,通过人机交互调整阈值,对大范围冰川区域进行快速边界提取,并基于提取结果,结合数字高程数据、气象数据等相关数据展开了分析。结果表明:1986—2015年间研究区冰川面积减小92.06 km2,减少速率为0.33%·a-1;其中1986—1994年、1994—2001年、2001—2009年、2009—2015年分别减少32.95 km2、27.37 km2、13.11 km2和18.63 km2,减少速率分别为0.47%·a-1、0.41%·a-1、0.17%·a-1和0.34%·a-1。同时,依据空间组织方式进行了研究区冰川变化的分区分析,结果表明在不同分区、不同规模上该地区冰川变化呈现出不同的趋势;部分区域内冰川的降级、分裂现象较为明显,对不同等级规模冰川的变化趋势有一定影响。研究区冰川面积的坡向变化以东南向退缩最剧烈,西向增加最多。典型冰川方面,岗陇加玛冰川2001—2009年为面积退缩最为剧烈,1994—2001年面积略有增加。研究时段内冬季降水量逐年减少,不足以弥补因为气温升高导致的快速消融。

关键词: 长江源, 各拉丹冬, 冰川变化, 遥感监测, 气候变化

Abstract:

Due to global warming, glaciers in the source regions of Yangtze River faced the risks of rapid melting. Considering that, the satellite images with less cloud cover and higher imaging quality from 1986 to 2015 were selected to analyze the changes of glaciers in this area. On the basis of comprehensive understanding of local environment and image features, the boundaries of the large-scale glaciers were extracted by using band ratio method and adjusting the threshold by human-machine interaction. Additionally, the meteorological and other related datasets were used to investigate the factors affecting the glaciers changes further. The results showed that the area of glaciers decreased by 92.06 km2 during 1986—2015, and the decrease rate was 0.33%·a-1. Specifically, the area of glaciers decreased by 32.95 km2, 27.37 km2, 13.11 km2, and 18.63 km2 during 1986—1994, 1994—2001, 2001—2009 and 2009—2015, respectively, and the corresponding decrease rates were 0.47%·a-1, 0.41%·a-1, 0.17%·a-1 and 0.34%·a-1. Moreover, it can be found that the variation trends of glaciers in different subareas and various sizes were different. Particularly, the degradation and splitting phenomenon of glaciers were obvious in some parts of the study area, which could have impacts on glacier changes. The area of glaciers shrank obviously in aspect of southeast, and increased in aspect of west. As a typical glacier, the area of Ganglongjiama glacier shrank severely from 2001 to 2009, and increased slightly from 1994 to 2001. In addition, the winter precipitation decreased annually during study period, which cannot compensate the rapid melting caused by the increasing temperature.

Key words: source regions of Yangtze River, Geladandong, glacier change, remote sensing monitoring, climate change

中图分类号: 

  • P343.6