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冰川冻土 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2): 470-484.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2022.0052

• 寒区工程与灾害 • 上一篇    

不同地表条件下青藏公路对多年冻土的热影响差异研究

周保1(), 魏刚2(), 张永艳1, 魏赛拉加1, 蒋观利3   

  1. 1.青海省地质环境监测总站,青海 西宁 810008
    2.青海省环境地质勘查局,青海 西宁 810008
    3.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冻土工程国家重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-22 修回日期:2022-03-18 出版日期:2022-04-30 发布日期:2022-06-10
  • 通讯作者: 魏刚 E-mail:41448053@qq.com;158213989@qq.com
  • 作者简介:周保,正高级工程师,主要从事工程地质、地质灾害调查研究. E-mail: 41448053@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    青海九零六工程勘察设计院委托项目“多年冻土退化及其地质灾害效应研究”(E1490604)

Study on the diversities of thermal impacts of Qinghai-Tibet Highway on permafrost under different surface conditions

Bao ZHOU1(), Gang WEI2(), Yongyan ZHANG1, Sailajia WEI1, Guanli JIANG3   

  1. 1.Qinghai Geological Environment Monitoring Station,Xining 810008,China
    2.Qinghai Bureau of Environmental Geology Exploration,Xining 810008,China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2022-02-22 Revised:2022-03-18 Online:2022-04-30 Published:2022-06-10
  • Contact: Gang WEI E-mail:41448053@qq.com;158213989@qq.com

摘要:

在多年冻土区,道路工程会对周边的多年冻土产生热影响,但不同地表条件下的多年冻土对道路热影响的反馈差异尚不完全清楚。本研究基于青藏公路沿线两处监测场地的多年冻土监测数据,研究了不同地表条件下青藏公路对多年冻土的热影响差异。结果表明,青藏公路对多年冻土的热影响因地表条件的不同而存在差异。与植被覆盖率较高的监测场地相比,在植被覆盖率较低的监测场地,其多年冻土年平均地温更高、多年冻土活动层厚度更大,且青藏公路对多年冻土的水平热影响范围也相对更大。此外,在植被覆盖率较低的监测场地最靠近坡脚的位置处,由于地表条件的不同,其浅层土壤更易受到外界扰动,导致该位置浅层土壤与外界的热交换特征迥异于其他监测位置,这可能也是导致两处监测场地多年冻土的热状态存在差异的原因。目前,青藏工程走廊内各线性工程密布,工程间的相互影响及其与多年冻土间的关系已成为必须考虑的问题。本研究工作对于青藏高原多年冻土区工程走廊内线性工程之间的合理间距设定,以及即将建设的青藏高速公路双向路基间的合理距离设计都可提供参考,以达到减少工程热扰动,保障工程安全运营的目的。

关键词: 多年冻土, 地表条件, 青藏公路, 热影响, 青藏高原

Abstract:

In permafrost regions, road infrastructures have thermal impacts on adjacent permafrost, but the diversities of the feedback of permafrost under different surface conditions from road thermal impact is not totally understood. Based on the monitoring data of two monitoring sites along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, this work studies the diversities of thermal impact of Qinghai-Tibet Highway on adjacent permafrost under different surface conditions. The results show that the Qinghai-Tibet Highway has a significant thermal impact on the permafrost on both sides, but the feedbacks from the thermal impact are different due to different surface conditions. Compared to the site with higher vegetation coverage, the mean annual ground temperature as well as the active layer thickness are respective greater, along with a wider horizontal thermal impact in the site with lower vegetation coverage. In addition, for the site with lower vegetation coverage, at the slope foot of the embankment, because of its bare surface, the topsoil is more susceptible to external disturbances, leading to form a thermal exchange pattern differing from other positions, and this may be a reason causes the different thermal states between the two sites. In present, there are many linear projects in the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor which makes it necessary to take into account the interactions between projects and their relationships with permafrost. This work can provide references for the setting of reasonable distance between linear projects in the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as well as for the reasonable distance arrangement between bidirectional roadbed of the Qinghai-Tibet Expressway to be built, so as to reduce mutual disturbances and ensure the operational safety of the them.

Key words: permafrost, surface condition, Qinghai-Tibet Highway, thermal impact, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

中图分类号: 

  • P642.14