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冰川冻土 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 1029-1040.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2022.0096

• 冰冻圈水文与水资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国西北山区融雪径流模拟研究回顾与展望

李晶1,2(), 刘时银3, 张世强4, 陈仁升5, 赵求东6, 郭万钦1, 上官冬辉1, 王荣军1, 钟歆玥7, 尹振良6, 李弘毅7   

  1. 1.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院 西北生态环境与资源研究院 玉龙雪山冰冻圈与可持续发展国家科学野外观测研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.云南大学 国际河流与生态安全研究院,云南 昆明 650500
    4.西北大学 城市与环境学院,陕西 西安 710127
    5.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 黑河上游生态-水文试验研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    6.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    7.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 甘肃省遥感重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-15 修回日期:2022-06-13 出版日期:2022-06-25 发布日期:2022-08-27
  • 作者简介:李晶,助理研究员,主要从事山区冰雪水文观测与模拟研究. E-mail: jingli@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“干旱区融雪洪水灾害监测预报和防控关键技术研究与示范”课题3“温升背景下雨雪冰混合洪水形成过程模拟技术研发”项目(2019YFC1510503);中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室资助项目(SKLCS-OP-2021-10)

Review on snowmelt runoff simulation in mountain regions, Northwest China

Jing LI1,2(), Shiyin LIU3, Shiqiang ZHANG4, Rensheng CHEN5, Qiudong ZHAO6, Wanqin GUO1, Donghui SHANGGUAN1, Rongjun WANG1, Xinyue ZHONG7, Zhengliang YIN6, Hongyi LI7   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.National Field Science Observation and Research Station of Yulong Snow Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China
    4.College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwestern University,Xi’an 710127,China
    5.Qilian Alpine Ecology and Hydrology Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    6.Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    7.Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Gansu Province,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2021-12-15 Revised:2022-06-13 Online:2022-06-25 Published:2022-08-27

摘要:

融雪径流是西北地区宝贵的水资源。过去几十年,西北山区融雪径流模拟研究广泛开展,在积雪消融过程观测和模拟、驱动数据空间分布与融雪径流模型应用、分布式融雪径流模型改进和发展方面都开展了比较深入的研究,取得了较好的成果。插值算法、遥感反演和数据同化技术的发展,为分布式融雪径流模型在西北山区的广泛应用提供了数据支撑。气候变暖和经济社会的发展将进一步加剧西北干旱区水资源供需矛盾,对融雪径流模拟的精度和时空分辨率提出了更高的要求。综合西北山区融雪径流模拟研究的已有进展和面临挑战,提出未来西北山区融雪径流模拟研究需要在积雪积累和消融过程的机理探究、积雪时空分布变化监测和高精度积雪分布数据获取、气候变化对流域融雪径流影响量化方面开展深入研究。

关键词: 融雪径流, 空间分布, 水文模型, 气候变化, 消融模拟

Abstract:

Snowmelt runoff is a valuable water resource in Northwest China. In the past few decades, progress has been achieved in snowmelt runoff simulation in mountainous areas, including observation and simulation of snow melt process, improvement and development of distributed snow melt runoff model, and ability for application of snow melt runoff model with temporal and spatial distribution driving data. The development of interpolation algorithm, remote sensing and data assimilation technology provides data support for the widespread application of distributed snowmelt runoff model in northwest mountainous regions of China. Climate warming and economic and social development will further aggravate the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources in the arid regions of Northwest China, which requires higher precision and detail spatial and temporal resolution of snowmelt runoff simulation. Based on the progress and challenges on snowmelt runoff simulation in mountainous regions of Northwest China, following studies need more attention: the mechanism of snow accumulation and ablation, snow cover spatial and temporal distribution monitoring and high precision of snow distribution data acquisition, quantitative climate change impact on river basin snowmelt runoff.

Key words: snowmelt runoff, spatial distribution, hydrological model, climate change, melting simulation

中图分类号: 

  • P333