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冰川冻土 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 1757-1772.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2022.0153

• 冰冻圈与全球变化 • 上一篇    

2000年前后我国寒潮活动特征的比较分析

马力1(), 韦志刚1,2(), 李娴茹1, 王欢1, 郭仕侗1   

  1. 1.北京师范大学 地理科学学部 地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100875
    2.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州), 广东 广州 511458
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-04 修回日期:2022-01-10 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2023-01-18
  • 通讯作者: 韦志刚 E-mail:202021051150@mail.bnu.edu.cn;wzg@bnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:马力,硕士研究生,主要从事气候变化及气候模式评估研究. E-mail: 202021051150@mail.bnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41875089);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项“南海和大湾区资源环境可持续利用及管制研究”(GML2019ZD0601)

Comparative analysis of the cold surge characteristics over China before and after 2000

Li MA1(), Zhigang WEI1,2(), Xianru LI1, Huan WANG1, Shitong GUO1   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,Faculty of Geographic Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China
    2.Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China
  • Received:2021-10-04 Revised:2022-01-10 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2023-01-18
  • Contact: Zhigang WEI E-mail:202021051150@mail.bnu.edu.cn;wzg@bnu.edu.cn

摘要:

基于1961—2018年中国逐日最低气温资料,利用n阶多项式拟合、滑动t检验、经验正交函数分析、Morlet小波变化等方法,分时段和区域分析了我国寒潮日数、寒潮频次、寒潮强度的时空分布特征。结果表明:在全国范围内,1962—2018年寒潮日数、频次、强度呈减小趋势,具体变化趋势为先减后增,趋势拐点出现在2000年左右,2000年后寒潮活动频发、持续时间久且强度大。寒潮日数、频次、强度及其变化趋势均存在明显的空间差异。寒潮日数、频次在内蒙古北部、东北地区值最大,寒潮强度除新疆南部外,呈现东南低西北高的分布特征。寒潮日数、频次的变化主要表现为“东北西南反向型”,寒潮强度主要为“全国一致型”。各要素在1980年发生显著突变,2000年后则无显著突变。在区域范围内,1962—2018年各地区寒潮日数、频次、强度呈减小趋势,2000后则呈增加趋势。北方地区和东北地区各要素均值在2000年后增加明显。不同区域突变时间存在差异,东北地区的寒潮日数、频次、强度突变时间都最早。中国平均和各地区平均寒潮日数、频次和强度都存在3~5 a的振荡周期,寒潮日数、寒潮频次的周期振荡规律基本一致。

关键词: 寒潮, 变化趋势, 经验正交函数分析方法, 时空特征

Abstract:

Based on the daily minimum temperature data in China from 1961 to 2018, using n-order polynomial fitting, sliding t-test, empirical Orthogonal Function analysis, Morlet wavelet transform and other methods, this paper reveals the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the number of cold surge (CS) day, CS frequency and CS intensity by time and region. The results are as follows. On a national level, the number of CS day, CS frequency, and CS intensity decreased from 1962 to 2000. Specifically, the trend of every element of CS has changed from a previous decrease trend to an increase trend, and the inflection point was around 2000. The CS activity occurred more frequently, became more strengthen, and last for longer time after 2000. There are obvious spatial differences in the number of CS days, CS frequency, CS intensity and their changing trends in China. The number of CS days and CS frequency reach the maximum value in northeast China and northern Inner Mongolia. Meanwhile, the CS intensity value is low in the southeast China and high in the northwest China, with the exception of southern Xinjiang. The changes in the number of CS day and the CS frequency are mainly manifested as the “Northeast, Southwest Reverse Pattern”, the CS intensity is mainly manifested as the “Uniform Change Pattern”. The number of CS day, CS frequency, and CS intensity did not change significantly after, but a significant transition point was detected in 1980. On a regional scale, from 1962 to 2018, the number of CS day, frequency and intensity of cold surge in all regions showed a decreasing trend, while they increased after 2000. In the northern and northeastern of China, mean of three elements of cold surge increased after 2000. The transition year was different in different regions. The transition year of three elements of cold surge in Northeast China were the earliest. Mean value of the number of CS day, CS frequency, and CS intensity have an oscillation period of 3~5 years in total China and all regions. In addition, the periodic oscillations of the number of CS day and CS frequency in all regions are basically the consistent.

Key words: cold surge, changing trend, Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis method, temporal and spatial characteristics

中图分类号: 

  • P458.1+22