X

QQ群：218834310

• 中国百强报刊
• 中国精品科技期刊
• 中国国际影响力优秀学术期刊
• 中文核心期刊要目总览
• 中国科技核心期刊
• 中国科学引文数据库源刊
• CN 62-1072/P
• ISSN 1000-0240
• 创刊于1979年
• 主管单位：中国科学院
• 主办单位：中国科学院寒区旱区
•                  环境与工程研究所
•                  中国地理学会

• 研究论文 •

### 黑河出山径流的非线性特征分析

1. 中国科学院, 寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 甘肃, 兰州, 730000
• 收稿日期:2001-10-11 修回日期:2002-01-10 出版日期:2002-06-25 发布日期:2012-04-26
• 基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX1-10-03-01;KZCX1-10-06);国家自然科学基金重点项目(49731030);中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所知识创新工程项目(CACX210016)资助

### Nonlinear Features of the Runoff from Mountain Areas of the Heihe River, Qilian Mountains

CHEN Ren-sheng, KANG Er-si, YANG Jian-ping, ZHANG Ji-shi

1. Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou Gansu 730000, China
• Received:2001-10-11 Revised:2002-01-10 Online:2002-06-25 Published:2012-04-26

Abstract: Using several methods of nonlinear dynamics theory, the nonlinear features of the runoff from mountainous watersheds of the main Heihe River have been described, and several hydrologic models of main Heihe River have also been developed. The variation of monthly mean runoff and the variation of annual runoff in the Heihe River agree with Weibull Distribution. Using inserting space methods, it is found that the correlation dimensionality of annual runoff is 4.32, and the least insertion dimensionality is 8. Wavelet transformation method can be used to analyze the periodic feature of annual runoff. Gray system model can be used to analyze the linear tendency of relative long series, such as the runoff in the Heihe River. The analyses show that annual runoff and monthly runoff are all increasing, especially from May to August. Recently the artificial neural network has been used for runoff forecasting extensively, of which the generalized regression neural network (GRNN) has perfect result. In this paper, some new points of this method are introduced. The input and output series may be the primordial measured one, or the one transformed to standard forms, or the one decomposed to wavelet approximation coefficient and detail coefficient one. For using GRNN model to predict runoff, several climate scenarios are supposed according to the global warming theory, or the measured series in i k time is used as input datum. These methods have been used in the runoff model of the Heihe River in this paper and their results are perfect. Time series decomposition model has also been talked of in this paper. Firstly the tendency series is separated from the ordinal runoff series by using Gray System method, and then the periodic parts of the residual series is obtained according to wavelet transformation method, and at last the stochastic part is fitted. The sum of the elongation series of each separated series should be the forecasting results of runoff. The runoff forecasting results are also perfect. The monthly mean runoff at the pass and the monthly precipitation in the Heihe River mountainous watershed has perfectly linear relationship, and the relationship between the monthly mean runoff and the monthly mean air temperature is exponential. From the relationship between the monthly mean runoff and the monthly mean air temperature, base flow can be separated, and then the effect of meltwater of glacier and snow and the liquid precipitation in the runoff formation can be worked out. Using nonlinear dynamics method, a model including monthly mean runoff, monthly precipitation and monthly air temperature of the Heihe River mountainous watershed is put forward. Using the model, the monthly runoff also can be predicted.

• P333