干旱区绿洲空间分异演化研究——以黑河流域绿洲为例

冰川冻土 ›› 2002, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 414-420.

干旱区绿洲空间分异演化研究——以黑河流域绿洲为例

张勃^1,2, 张凯¹

1. 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 甘肃兰州, 730070;
2. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室, 甘肃兰州, 730000

收稿日期:2002-05-15 修回日期:2002-05-30 出版日期:2002-08-25 发布日期:2012-04-26
基金资助:
西北师范大学科技创新项目(NWNU-KJCXGC-02-20);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX-09-04);中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所知识创新工程项目(CACX210018)资助

Study on the Spatial Differentiation and the Evolution in Arid Regions——A Case Study for Oases in Heihe River Basin

ZHANG Bo^1,2, ZHANG Kai¹

1. School of Geography and Environment Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou Gansu 730070, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, CAREERI, CAS, Lanzhou Gansu 730000, China

Received:2002-05-15 Revised:2002-05-30 Online:2002-08-25 Published:2012-04-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对干旱区绿洲的物质和能量空间分异现象和规律的研究,有助于深刻了解不同类型绿洲形成和演化的自然背景和农业资源组合的特点,为农业生产的合理布局和农业自然资源的优化配置提供理论依据.以黑河流域绿洲为例,在综合分析影响绿洲空间分异的气候、地质构造和地貌演化、地表水和地下水水文化学性质、土壤性状和水资源供应状况等自然地理要素基础上,将黑河绿洲划分为高位绿洲、中位绿洲和低位绿洲等不同类型.在此基础上,分析了黑河流域不同类型绿洲主要农作物气候适宜性的空间分异,为绿洲农业资源的优化配置提供了重要的理论依据。

关键词: 空间分异, 绿洲, 作物气候适宜性, 黑河流域

Abstract: Studies of the mass and energy spatial differential in the oases in arid regions greatly conduce to better understanding the natural background of the inhomogeneous oases formation and evolution and the characteristics of agricultural resources combination. The studies can offer a theoretical basis of rational agricultural allocation and optimum disposition of natural resources. The spatial differential of physical geography elements obviously appears in the oases of the Heihe River basin. The stability of climate becomes worse and worse from the upper reaches to the lower reaches, the annual precipitation gradually reduces from south to north, and the drought, together with desertification extent, increases gradually. The structure of geomorphology and the level of groundwater influence soil salinization. Under the basis of integrated analysis of the physical geographical elements of climate characteristics, geologic structures, geomorphologic evolution, surface water and groundwater hydrochemistry features, soil properties and water supply, the Heihe oases can be classified into three types, that is, higher position oasis, which is between 1 400 and 2 200 m a. s. l. with annual precipitation of 150～370 mm; the middle position oasis, which is between 1 100 and 1 400 m a. s. l. with annual precipitation of 60～110 mm, and the lower position oasis which is between 900 and 110 m a. s. l. with annual precipitation of 38 mm. Moreover, the climate suitability of main crops changing with slopes in every type of oases in the Heihe River basin is also analyzed. An important theoretical basis for optimum disposition of agricultural resources is provided.

Key words: spatial differential, oasis, climate suitability of crop, Heihe River basin

中图分类号:

F323.1

张勃, 张凯. 干旱区绿洲空间分异演化研究——以黑河流域绿洲为例[J]. 冰川冻土, 2002, 24(4): 414-420.

ZHANG Bo, ZHANG Kai. Study on the Spatial Differentiation and the Evolution in Arid Regions——A Case Study for Oases in Heihe River Basin[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2002, 24(4): 414-420.

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