10ka BP来石羊河流域气候演变特征分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据石羊河流域及周边地区的大量研究结果分析,整理和建立了10 ka BP来石羊河流域气候演变序列,可以划分出主要的7个气候湿润期和6个干旱期.近50 a以来石羊河流域气候干旱化趋于显著,有4个主要特点:1971—2000年比1951—1980年平原绿洲地区年平均降水(气温)增加(正常);高山和沙漠边缘地区降水量减少(气温正常或偏高);大部分地方年平均蒸发量普遍减少10～131 mm;年平均沙尘暴、雷暴日数减少.

关键词: 石羊河流域, 气候演变, 分析研究

Abstract: Based on the study results of water resources,climate and glacier variations in the Shiyang River Basin and its adjacent regions,the features of dryness/wetness evolution since 10 ka BP are investigated and its variation series is built.There are seven wet and six dry climatic phases recognized.Furthermore,there are four features in the main climate change in the last 50 a.It is found that the mean annual precipitation in the oasis in the region from 1971 to 2000 was higher than that from 1951 to 1980,but the temperature change in the oasis was not evidence.Meanwhile,the precipitation in the edge of the high mountains and the desert decreased evidently,with an increasing temperature.Furthermore,the mean annual evaporation in most of the region had decreased 10～131 mm,the days of the mean annual sand storm and the thunderstorm had decreased too.

Key words: Shiyang River Basin, climate evolution, analysis

中图分类号:

P467

徐启运, 郭慧, 尹宪志, 徐文君, 史志娟, 黄涛, 奚立宗. 10ka BP来石羊河流域气候演变特征分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2007, 29(4): 617-625.

XU Qi-yun, GUO Hui, YIN Xian-zhi, XU Wen-jun, SHi Zhi-juan, HUANG Tao, XI Li-zong. Climate Evolution in the Shiyang River Basin of China since 10 ka BP[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2007, 29(4): 617-625.

参考文献

[1] Wang Hao,Chen Minjian,Qin Dayong,et al.Study on Rational Location and Carrying Capacity of Water Resources in Northwest China[M].Zhengzhou:Yellow River Water Conservancy Press,2003:6-8.[王浩,陈敏建,秦大庸,等.西北地区水资源合理配置与承载能力研究[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2003:6-8.]
[2] Lei Zhidong,Yang Shixiu,Wang Zhongjing,et al.Water Resources utilization and land desertification in inland arid plain[J].Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,2003,34(1):36-40.[雷志栋,杨诗秀,王忠静,等.内陆干旱平原区水资源利用与土地荒漠化[J].水利水电技术,2003,34(1):36-40.]
[3] Shen Dajun,Cui Lijuan,Jiang Sumei.Institutional causes and countermeasures for water problems in Shiyang River Basin[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2005,20(2):293-299.[沈大军,崔丽娟,姜素梅.石羊河流域水资源问题的制度原因及对策[J].自然资源学报,2005,20(2):293-299.]
[4] Wang Duoyao,Jiang Zhirong,Ji Yongfu.The eco-environmental problems and integrated construction suggestions in Shiyang Valley[J].Journal of Gansu Forestry Science and Technology,2005,30(2):5-9.[王多尧,蒋志荣,纪永福.石羊河流域生态环境问题及综合整治意见[J].甘肃林业科技,2005,30(2):5-9.]
[5] Xie Jizhong.Water resources problems and water-saving strategies in Hexi Corridor[J].Journal of Desert Research,2004,24(6):802-808.[谢继忠.河西走廊的水资源问题与节水对策[J].中国沙漠,2004,24(6):802-808.]
[6] Xue Xian,Wang Tao,Yao Zhengyi,et al.Sandy desertification status and region development in Shiyanghe River Basin[J].Journal of Desert Research,2005,25(5):682-688.[薛娴,王涛,姚正毅,等.从石羊河流域沙漠化土地分布看区域协调发展[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(5):682-688.]
[7] Zhao Jun,Wang Xueping,Jin Rong.Approach to establishing and application of technical system of "Digital Shiyang River"[J].Yellow River,2005,27(6):6-8.[赵军,王雪平,金蓉."数字石羊河"技术体系建立及应用探讨[J].人民黄河,2005,27(6):6-8.]
[8] Gao Qianzhao,Li Xiaoyan,Wu Yanqing,et al.Transformation of water resources in the inland river basins of Hexi Region[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryolory,2004,26(1):48-54.[高前兆,李小雁,仵彦卿,等.河西内陆河流域水资源转化分析[J].冰川冻土,2004,26(1):48-54.]
[9] Shen Yongping,Liu Shiyin,Zhen Lili,et al.Fluctuations of glacier mass balance in watersheds of Qilian Mountain and their impact on water resources of Hexi Region[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2001,23(3):244-250.[沈永平,刘时银,甄丽丽,等.祁连山北坡流域冰川物质平衡波动及其对河西水资源的影响[J].冰川冻土,2001,23(3):244-250.]
[10] Wang Genxu,Cheng Guodong,Shen Yongping.Features of eco-environmental changes in Hexi Corridor Region in the last 50 years and comprehensive control strategies[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2002(1):.78-85.[王根绪,程国栋,沈永平.近50年来河西走廊区域生态环境变化特征与综合防治对策[J].自然资源学报,2002(1):78-85.]
[11] Guo Hui,LI Dongliang,Zhang Qiang.Interdecadal variability of seasonal frozen ground depth and its climatic reasons in Hexi Corridor of Gansu[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2005,27(4):503-508.[郭慧,李栋梁,张强,甘肃河西季节冻结深度年代际变化特征及其气候成因分析[J].冰川冻土,2005,27(4):503-508.]
[12] Chen Longheng,Qu Yaoguan,Chen Hesheng,et al.The land and water resources and its rational utilization in the Shiyang River Basin[J].Journal of Desert Research,1982,2(4):56-59.[陈隆亨,曲耀光,陈荷生,等.石羊河流域生态资源及其合理利用[J].中国沙漠,1982,2(4):56-59.]
[13] Xu Qiyun,Hu Jingsong.Features of spatial and temporal distributions of the dust storms in Northwest China[J].Quarterly of Journal of Applied Meteorology,1996,7(4):479-482.[徐启运,胡敬松.我国西北地区沙尘暴天气时空分布特征[J].应用气象学报,1996,7(4):479-482.]
[14] Xu Qiyun,Zhang Qiang,Zhang Cunjie,et al.Research on drought early warning system of China[J].Journal of Desert Research,2005,25(5):785-789.[徐启运,张强,张存杰,等.中国干旱预警系统研究[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(5):785-789.]
[15] Zhou Zijiang,Wang Xiwen,Niu Ruoyun.Climate characteristics of sandstorm in China in recent 47 years[J].Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology,2002,13(2):193-200.[周自江,王锡稳,牛若芸.近47年中国沙尘暴气候特征研究[J].应用气象学报,2002,13(2):193-200.]
[16] Shi Qi,Chen Fahu.Dust Storm records in Shiyang River drainage during early Holocene[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2001,21(3):257-261.[施祺,陈发虎,早全新世石羊河流域沙尘暴活动记录[J].地理科学,2001,21(3):257-261.]
[17] Mu Jiancheng,Ding Xinghong,Ma Dong.Drought disaster in Gansu China and its countermeasures[J].Gansu Agriculture,2001(2):36-40.[牟健承,丁兴宏,马冬.关于甘肃省干旱灾害发生情况及其对策的报告[J].甘肃农业.2001(2):36-40.]
[18] Zhou Xiuji.Focus on research on application of water vapor resource in Northwestern China[N].Weekly of Scientific News,November 28,2001.[周秀骥.应加强开发利用西北地区空中水资源研究[N].《科学新闻》周刊,2001-11-28.]
[19] Zhang Deer.Historical records of environmental changes and agricultural development in Northwest China[J].Advance in Climate Change Research,2005,1(2):58-64.[张德二.历史记录的西北环境变化与农业开发[J].气候变化研究进展,2005,1(2):58-64.]
[20] Zhu Kezhen.The primary study of the last 5 000 years climate changes in China[J].Science in China,1973,16 (2):168-189.[竺可桢.中国近五千年来气候变迁的初步研究[J].中国科学,1973,16(3):168-189.]
[21] An Chengbang,Feng Zhaodong,Tang Lingyu.Evidence of humid climate during mid Holocene in western Loess Plateau China[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2003,48(21):2280-2287.[安成邦,冯兆东,唐领余.黄土高原西部全新世中期湿润气候的证据[J].科学通报,2003,48(21):2280-2287.]
[22] Wang Naiang,Zhao Qiang,HuGang,et al.Climatic and humanistic background of desertification process over the last 2000 years in Hexi Corridor[J].Journal of Desert Research,2003,23(1):95-100.[王乃昂,赵强,胡刚,等.近2 ka河西走廊及毗邻地区沙漠化过程的气候与人文背景[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(1):95-100.]
[23] Kang Xingcheng,Cheng Guodong,Chen Fahu,et al.A record of drought and flood series by tree-ring data in the middle section of Qilian Mountain since 904a.D[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2003,25(5):518-525.[康兴成,程国栋,陈发虎,等.祁连山中部公元904年以来树木年轮记录的旱涝变化[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(5):518-525.]
[24] Wang Zongtai.The glacier and environment in the middle sector of Tianshan and the eastern sector of Qilianshan since the Little Ice Age[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,1991,46(2):160-168.[王宗太.天山中段及祁连山东段小冰期以来冰川及环境[J].地理学报,1991,46(2):160-168.]
[25] Chen Rensheng,Kang Ersi,Zhang Jishi.Application of wavelet transform on annual runoff,yearly average air temperature and annual precipitation periodic variations in HeXi Region[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2001,16(3):339-345.[陈仁升,康尔泗,张济世.小波变换在河西地区水文和气候周期变化分析中的应用[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(3):339-345.]
[26] Li Chunhu,Han Yunxiang,Yao Hui.The climatic features of drought and excessive rain in the history of Gansu and their relation with yields[J].Journal of Gansu Sciences,2000,12(3):71-77.[李春虎,韩永翔,姚辉.甘肃省历史旱涝特征与产量的关系研究[J].甘肃科学学报,2000,12(3):71-77.]
[27] Xie Yaowen,Chen Fahu,Wang Naiang,et al.Spatial change of Minqin Oasis in Gansu over the last 2000 years[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2004,59(5):662-670.[颉耀文,陈发虎,王乃昂,等.近2000年来甘肃民勤盆地绿洲的空间变化[J].地理学报,2004,59(5):662-670.]
[28] Shi Yafeng,Shen Yongping,Hu Ruji.Preliminary Study on signal,impact and foreground of climatic shift from warm-dry to warm-humid in Northwest China.[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2002,24 (3):219-226.[施雅风,沈永平,胡汝骥.西北气候由暖干向暖湿转型的信号影响和前景初步探讨[J].冰川冻土,2002,24(3):219-226.]
[29] Li Jiangfeng.Climate of Xinjiang[M].Beijing:Meteorological Press,1991:1-287.[李江风.新疆气候[M].北京:气象出版社,1991:1-287.]
[30] Xu Guochang,Yao Hui,Li Shan.Climate Change in Arid and Semi-arid Land of China[M].Beijing:Meteorological Press,1997:1-101.[徐国昌,姚辉,李珊.中国干旱半干旱区气候[M].北京:气象出版社,1997:1-101.]
[31] Zhu Yan,Ju Tianzhen,Chen,Fahu.Vegetation and environmental changes based on high resolution pollen records in Shiyang River basin,arid lands NW China during early Holocene[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2001,21(6):1059-1069.[朱艳,巨天珍,陈发虎,等.西北干旱区石羊河流域全新世早期植被与环境演化[J].西北植物学报,2001,21(6):1059-1069.]
[32] Zhang Chengjun,Chen Fahu,Shi Qi.Carbon isotopic records of lake organic matter during Holocene climatic variations in the arid-semiarid areas of Northwest China-taking Sanjiaocheng in the drainage area of the Shiyang River as an example[J].Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology,2000,20 (4):93-97.[张成君,陈发虎,施祺.西北干旱区全新世气候变化的湖泊有机碳同位素记录——以石羊河流域三角城为例[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2000,20(4):93-97.]
[33] Shi Qi,Chen Fahu.Dust storm records in Shiyang River drainage during early Holocene[J].Scientia Geogrphica Sinica.2001,21(3):257-261.[施祺,陈发虎.早全新世石羊河流域沙尘暴活动记录[J].地理科学,2001,21(3):257-261.]
[34] Zhu Yan,Chen Fahu,Madsen D B.The environmental significance of the lake pollen records in Shiyang river drainage and environmental reconstruction of the early Holocene[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2001,46(19):1596-1602.[朱艳,陈发虎,Madsen D B.石羊河流域湖泊孢粉记录的环境意义及早全新世环境重建[J].科学通报,2001,46(19):1596-1602.]
[35] Wang Naiang,Li Jijun,Cao Jixiu,et al.A preliminary research on the climatic records of lacustrine deposits of Qingtu Lake in the last 6000 years[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,1999,19(2):119-124.[王乃昂,李吉均,曹继秀等.青土湖近6000年来沉积气候记录研究——兼论四五世纪气候回暖[J].地理科学,1999,19(2):119-124.]
[36] Zhao Qiang,Wang Naiang,Li Xiumei,Environmental Change around the Qingtu Lake since 9 500 a BP[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2005,27 (3):et al.352 -359.[赵强,王乃昂,李秀梅,等.青土湖地区9 500 a BP以来的环境变化研究[J].冰川冻土,2005,27(3):352-359.]
[37] Chen Fahu,Wu Wei,Zhu Yan,et al.Drought research based on lake sediment document in Ala Shan Plateau over mid-Holocene[J].Chinese Science Bulletin.2004,49(1):1-9.[陈发虎,吴薇,朱艳,等.阿拉善高原中全新世干旱事件的湖泊记录研究[J].科学通报,2004,49(1):1-9.]
[38] Chen Fahu,Zhu Yan,Li Jijun,et al.Abrupt Holocene change of the Asia monsoon at millennial-and centennialscales:evidence from lake sediment document in Minqin Basin,NW China[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2001,46(17):1414-1419.[陈发虎,朱艳,李吉均,等.民勤盆地湖泊沉积记录的全新世千百年尺度夏季风快速变化[J].科学通报,2001,46(17):1414-1419.]
[39] Jin Liya,Chen Fahu,Zhu Yan.Holocene climatic periodicities recorded from Lake Sediments in the arid-Si arid areas of Northwestern China[J].Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology,2004,24(2):101-108.[靳立亚,陈发虎,朱艳.西北干旱区湖泊沉积记录反映的全新世气候波动周期性变化[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2004,24(2):101-108.]
[40] Li Dongliang,Liu Dexiang.Climate of Gansu[M].Beijing:Meteorological Press,2000,9:324-353.[李栋梁,刘德祥.甘肃气候[J].气象出版社,2000,9:324-353.]
[41] Wang Shaowu,Dong Guangrong.The Characteristics and Evolution of Environment in Western China[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002:1-242.[王绍武,董光荣.中国西部环境特征及其演变[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:1-242.]
[42] Jin Huijun,Zhao Lin,Wang Shaoling,et al.Evolution of permafrost and environmental changes of cold regions in eastern and interior Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau since the Holocene[J].Quaternary Sciences,2006,26(2):198-210.[金会军,赵林,王绍令,等.青藏高原中、东部全新世以来多年冻土演化及寒区环境变化[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(2):198-210.]