西藏自治区旅游气候适应性分析

doi:10.7522/j.isnn.1000-0240.2015.0156

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文利用西藏38个气象站点的观测资料计算1980-2014年的风效指数和温湿指数,进行聚类分析,结合旅游区景观特征及行政区划等因素对西藏旅游景点进行区划,使用风效指数、温湿指数及空气含氧量指标对区划后的旅游区进行气候条件评价和趋势分析.研究表明:西藏旅游资源可分为6个区域,各区风效指数、温湿指数的空间分布呈现出自东南向西北递减的规律,东部地区生物气温相对舒适,适宜旅游的时段为3-10月,而西部地区生物气温较低,适宜旅游的时段为5-9月.逐月含氧量呈抛物线状的变化,最高值出现在8月,最低值在1月.藏东南区域含氧量相对较高,常年在60%以上,部分区域在70%以上.近年来,西藏各地气候正在向更为温暖、舒适的方向发展,西藏年风效指数和年温湿指数呈显著的线性增长趋势,增幅分别为21.79·(10a)^-1、0.32·(10a)^-1.与过去30 a相比,雅鲁藏布江流域及西藏东部部分地区近5 a的旅游适宜期延长了1~2个月.

关键词: 旅游资源, 气候区划, 气候适应性, 趋势分析

Abstract: In order to analyze the tourist climatic adaptation in Tibet Autonomous Region, the following works were done sequentially:(1) calculating wind effect index and temperature-humidity index based on the observational data from 38 meteorological stations during 1980-2014 in the autonomous region and classifying through cluster analysis;(2) dividing the tourism resources in the region according to the cluster result, combined with landscape features and administrative division;(3) evaluating and analyzing the changing trend of wind effect index, temperature-humidity index and air oxygen content index, respectively, of various divisions. Then, tourism resources of the autonomous region can be divided into the following six divisions:Amdo and parts of the southern periphery of the region(DivisionⅠ), northern Ali and most of Nagqu(Division Ⅱ), southern Ali, most parts of Qamdo and southwest of Shigatse(Division Ⅲ), most of the Brahmaputra(Division Ⅳ), the western Nyingchi and the central Qamdo(Division Ⅴ), and the southeastern Nyingchi(Division Ⅵ). It is found that the spatial distribution of wind effect index and temperature-humidity index have a decline tendency from southeast to northwest. The biological temperature in the east is more comfortable, which is suitable for tourism during March to October, while in the west the temperature is lower, with the suitable tourism time is May to September. The variation tendency of monthly oxygen concentration is a parabolic curve, with a peak in August and a nadir in January. Oxygen content in southeast is the highest, 60% or more. In recent years, the climatic condition in the region is evolving towards warmer and more comfortable. The annual wind effect index and temperature-humidity index in the region represent significant linear growth tendency with the ratio of 21.79·(10a)^-1 and 0.32·(10a)^-1, respectively. The suitable time for tourism in the drainage basin of Brahmaputra and part of east has extended by 1~2 months in recent five years as compared with the past 30 years.

Key words: tourism resources, climate division, climate adaptation, trend analysis

中图分类号:

P463.3

石磊, 黄晓清, 尼玛吉, 次仁央宗, 罗珍. 西藏自治区旅游气候适应性分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2015, 37(5): 1412-1419.

SHI Lei, HUANG Xiaoqing, Nima Ji, Ciren Yangzong, LUO Zhen. Study of the tourism climate adaptability in Tibet Autonomous Region[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2015, 37(5): 1412-1419.

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