近60a来洞庭湖水位演变特征及其影响因素

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0075

冰川冻土 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 660-671.doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2017.0075

近60a来洞庭湖水位演变特征及其影响因素

周蕾^1,2,3, 李景保¹, 汤祥明², 周永强^2,3, 黎昔春⁴

1. 湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 湖南长沙 410081;
2. 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 江苏南京 210008;
3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
4. 湖南省水利水电勘测设计研究总院, 湖南长沙 410007

收稿日期:2017-01-10 修回日期:2017-03-21 出版日期:2017-06-25 发布日期:2017-09-09
通讯作者: 李景保,E-mail:lijingbao1951@126.com E-mail:lijingbao1951@126.com
作者简介:周蕾(1994-),女,湖南安乡人,2016年在湖南师范大学获学士学位,现为中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所在读硕士研究生,从事湖泊生物与生态学方面研究.E-mail:Zhoulei941028@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41571100）；湖南省重点学科地理学建设项目；中国科学院重点部署项目（ZDRW-ZS-2017-3-4）资助

Dynamics of water level of Lake Dongting during the past 60 years and the associated driving factors

ZHOU Lei^1,2,3, LI Jingbao¹, TANG Xiangming², ZHOU Yongqiang^2,3, LI Xichun⁴

1. College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China;
2. Taihu Laboratory of Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
4. Hunan Hydro & Power Design Institute, Changsha 410007, China

Received:2017-01-10 Revised:2017-03-21 Online:2017-06-25 Published:2017-09-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于1956-2015年洞庭湖主要控制站实测水文数据，运用Mann-Kendall检验法、主成分分析法对比分析了近60 a来洞庭湖东、南、西三个湖区水位演变特征及其影响因素。结果表明：从调弦口堵口至葛洲坝截流后，南咀和城陵矶站同流量下水位均升高，但南咀站平均水位受三口分流能力减弱而下降（0.03 m），城陵矶站平均水位受湖盆泥沙淤积和长江干流顶托作用而上升（1.33 m）；三峡水库运行后，湖盆冲淤基本持平，湖泊同流量下水位基本不变，由于该时段长江流域整体为相对枯水期，因而与葛洲坝截流后相比湖泊年平均水位下降约0.31~0.58 m。近60 a来南咀站平均水位呈显著下降趋势（p<0.05），而城陵矶站水位呈显著上升趋势（p<0.01），说明湖泊水位影响因素作用存在空间异质性。洞庭湖年内水位存在涨（4-5月）~丰（6-9月）~退（10-11月）~枯（12月-次年3月）的变化特征，葛洲坝运行期丰水期水位上涨明显，三峡运行期各月水位均有下降，受水库调度方式影响7-10月水位降幅最大。洞庭湖流域降水量、四水入湖和出湖径流大小以及长江干流水情是洞庭湖水位变化的主要影响因素，三口来沙变异条件下的洞庭湖冲淤量变化是湖泊水位变化的次要因素。

关键词: 水位, 水量平衡, 主成分分析, 三峡水库, 洞庭湖

Abstract: The associated driving factors for the variations of the water level of Lake Dongting were investigated based on observed hydrological series from 1956 to 2015 for the major gauging stations in the Lake Dongting watershed. Our results indicated that:(1) After the curving cut-off of the lower Jingjiang River and the closure of the mainriver at Gezhouba, the contribution percentages of the discharge of Three Outlets to the total inflow discharge to Lake Dongting decreased, resulting in a decreased water level of Lake Dongting at Nanzui. The increase of draining capability of the lower Jingjiang River, together with the increased sediment deposition in Lake Dongting, resulted in increased water levels at Chenglingji. After the operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), rainfall in the lake watershed decreased notably and sediment erosion rate overrode that of deposition rate, water levels in Lake Dongting drop 0.31~0.58 meters compared with that during the period after the closure of the main river at Gezhouba. (2) Water level in Nanzui during the past 60 years decreased significantly (p<0.05), while water level at Chenglingji station showed a significant increasing trend (p<0.05), indicating driving factors of water level have different impacts on different lake regions. (3) Water level of Lake Dongting rose in April-May, remained in high level in June-September, decreased in October-November, and remained in low level in December-March. During the period after the closure of the mainriver at Gezhouba, water level of Lake Dongting during flood period rose notably, and decreased during the post-TGR period, and this is especially pronounced during July-October owe to flood-storage dispatch of TGR. (4) The rainfall in the lake Dongting watershed, the runoff of the four rivers into Lake Dongting, and the discharge of Yangtze River have been the main driving forces of the water level variations of Lake Dongting during the past 60 years. The suspended sediment deposition rate in Dongting Lake basin, resulting from the runoff and sediment discharge of the Three Outlet, is a secondary factor of the long-term variations of water level of Lake Dongting.

Key words: water level, water budget, principal component analysis, Three Gorges Reservoir, Lake Dongting

中图分类号:

P333

周蕾, 李景保, 汤祥明, 周永强, 黎昔春. 近60a来洞庭湖水位演变特征及其影响因素[J]. 冰川冻土, 2017, 39(3): 660-671.

ZHOU Lei, LI Jingbao, TANG Xiangming, ZHOU Yongqiang, LI Xichun. Dynamics of water level of Lake Dongting during the past 60 years and the associated driving factors[J]. JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY AND GEOCRYOLOGY, 2017, 39(3): 660-671.

参考文献

[1] Li Zhengzui, Xie Yuwbo, Xu Dongmei. Runoff-sediment variation and its effect on the Dongting Lake[J]. Journal of China Hydrology, 2011, 31(1):45-53.[李正最, 谢悦波, 徐冬梅. 洞庭湖水沙变化分析及影响初探[J]. 水文, 2011, 31(1):45-53.]
[2] Sun Zhandong, Huang Qun, Jiang Jiahu. Changes of major ecological and environmental issues in Dongting Lake region[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2011, 20(9):1108-1113.[孙占东, 黄群, 姜加虎. 洞庭湖主要生态环境问题变化分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2011, 20(9):1108-1113.]
[3] Meng Xiong, Liao Xiaohong, Li Xichun. Study on characteristics of water level variation in Lake Dongting and its influences[J]. Yangtze River, 2014, 45(13):17-21.[孟熊, 廖小红, 黎昔春. 洞庭湖水位变化特性及影响研究[J]. 人民长江, 2014, 45(13):17-21.]
[4] Shi Xuan, Xiao Weihua, Wang Yong, et al. Characteristics and factors of water level variation in the Lake Dongting during the recent 50 years[J]. South-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology, 2012, 10(5):18-22.[史璇, 肖伟华, 王勇, 等. 近50年洞庭湖水位总体变化特征及成因分析[J]. 南水北调与水利科技, 2012, 10(5):18-22.]
[5] Cong Zhentao, Xiao Peng, Zhang Danwu, et al. Water stage at Chenglingji before and after the Three Gorges Project[J]. Jourual of Hydroelectric Engineering, 2014, 33(3):23-28.[丛振涛, 肖鹏, 章诞武, 等. 三峡工程运行前后城陵矶水位变化及其原因分析[J]. 水力发电学报, 2014, 33(3):23-28.]
[6] Huang Qun, Sun Zhandong, Jiang Jiahu. Impact of the Three Gorges Reservoiron the lake water level of Lake Dongting[J]. Journal of Lake Science, 2011, 23(3):424-428.[黄群, 孙占东, 姜加虎. 三峡水库运行对洞庭湖水位影响分析[J]. 湖泊科学, 2011, 23(3):424-428.]
[7] Shi Xiurui, Xia Wei. Analysis of the relationship between water and sediment and water level in Chenglingji station[J]. Yangtze River, 2000, 31(3):35-36.[施修端, 夏薇. 城陵矶站水沙及水位流量关系变化分析[J]. 人民长江, 2000, 31(3):35-36.]
[8] Duan Wenzhong, Zheng Yahui, Liu Jianjun. Causes of water level rising in Chenglingji-Luoshan reach of Changjiang River[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2001(2):29-34.[段文忠, 郑亚慧, 刘建军. 长江城陵矶-螺山河段水位抬高及原因分析[J]. 水利学报, 2001(2):29-34.]
[9] Wantzen K M, Rothhaupt K O, M rtl M, et al. Ecological effects of water-level fluctuations in lakes:an urgent issue[J]. Hydrobiologia, 2008, 613(1):1-4.
[10] Leira M, Cantonati M. Effects of water-level fluctuations on lakes:an annotated bibliography[J]. Hydrobiologia, 2008, 613(1):171-184.
[11] Li Jingbao, Zhou Yongqiang, Ou Chaomin, et al. Evolution of water exchange ability between Dongting Lake and Yangtze River and its response to the operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2013, 68(1):108-117.[李景保, 周永强, 欧朝敏, 等. 洞庭湖与长江水体交换能力演变及对三峡水库运行的响应[J]. 地理学报, 2013, 68(1):108-117.]
[12] Li Jngbao, Chang Jiang, Lü Dianqing, et al. The hydrological effect between Jingjiang River and Dongting Lake during initial period of Three Gorges Project operation[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2009, 64(11):1342-1352.[李景保, 常疆, 吕殿青, 等. 三峡水库调度运行初期荆江与洞庭湖区的水文效应[J]. 地理学报, 2009, 64(11):1342-1352.]
[13] Zhou Yongqiang, Li Jingbao, Zhang Yunlin, et al. Silting/scouring process responses of Dongting Lake basinto the operations of TGR and thresholds ofwater-sediment regulation[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(3):409-421.[周永强, 李景保, 张运林, 等. 三峡水库运行下洞庭湖盆冲淤过程响应与水沙调控阈值[J]. 地理学报, 2014, 69(3):409-421.]
[14] Sun Peng, Zhang Qiang, Chen Xiaohong, et al. Spatio-temporal patterns of sediment and runoff changes in the Poyang Lake basin and underlying causes[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010, 65(7):828-840.[孙鹏, 张强, 陈晓宏, 等. 鄱阳湖流域水沙时空演变特征及其机理[J]. 地理学报, 2010, 65(7):828-840.]
[15] Deng Zhimin, Zhang Xiang, Xiao Yang, et al. Study of evolution of water level in Poyang Lake and impact factors[J]. Engineering Journal of Wuhan University, 2015, 48(5):615-621.[邓志民, 张翔, 肖洋, 等. 鄱阳湖水位演变及其影响因子分析[J]. 武汉大学学报:工学版, 2015, 48(5):615-621.]
[16] Mamattursun Eziz, Hamid Yimit, Ma Rong. Analazing the variation and driving forces of the runoff in Yanqi basin, Xinjiang during 1956-2010[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2014, 36(3):670-677.[麦麦提吐尔逊·艾则孜, 海米提·依米提, 马蓉. 1956-2010年新疆焉耆盆地径流变化特征及驱动力分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2014, 36(3):670-677.]
[17] Yang Qili, He Zhengwei. Land use/land cover changes and their driving factors in Dunhuang City of Gansu Province during 2010-2013[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2016, 38(2):558-566.[杨绮丽, 何政伟. 2000-2013年甘肃敦煌市土地利用变化及其驱动因素分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2016, 38(2):558-566.]
[18] An Meiling, Zhang Bo, Sun Liwei, et al. Quantitative analysis of dynamic change of land use and its influencing factors in upper reaches of the Heihe River[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2013, 35(2):355-363.[安美玲, 张勃, 孙力炜, 等. 黑河上游土地利用动态变化及影响因素的定量分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2013, 35(2):355-363.]
[19] Li Jingbao, Zhang Zhaoqing, Ou Chaomin, et al. Responces of water regimes in Lake Dongting area under different dispatching modes during the running period of the Three Gorges Reservoir[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2011, 66(9):1251-1260.[李景保, 张照庆, 欧超敏, 等. 三峡水库不同调度方式运行期洞庭湖区的水情响应[J]. 地理学报, 2011, 66(9):1251-1260.]
[20] Shi Chengxi. Introduction of Chinese lake[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1989.[施成熙. 中国湖泊概论[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1989.]
[21] Wang Guojie, Jiang Tong, Wang Yanjun, et al. Characteristics of climate change in the Lake Dongting basin (1961-2003)[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2006, 18(5):470-475.[王国杰, 姜彤, 王艳君, 等. 洞庭湖流域气候变化特征(1961-2003年)[J]. 湖泊科学, 2006, 18(5):470-475.]
[22] Hu Guangwei, Mao Dehua, Li Zhengzui, et al. Analysis on the runoff characteristics in and out Lake Dongting in recent 60 years[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2013, 34(1):89-96.[胡光伟, 毛德华, 李正最, 等. 60年来洞庭湖区进出湖径流特征分析[J]. 地理科学, 2013, 34(1):89-96.]
[23] Li Ying, Gao Ge, Ye Dianxiu, et al. Climatic characters over China in 2011[J]. Meteorological Monthly, 2012, 38(4):464-471.[李莹, 高歌, 叶殿秀, 等. 2011年中国气候概况[J]. 气象, 2012, 38(4):464-471.]
[24] Zhang Zhenquan, Li Xichun, Zheng Ying. Research on flood storage function and change law of Dongting Lake[J]. Journal of Sediment Research, 2014(2):68-74.[张振全, 黎昔春, 郑颖. 洞庭湖对洪水的调蓄作用及变化规律研究[J]. 泥沙研究, 2014(2):68-74.]
[25] Dai Leping. Hunan statistical yearbook 2009[M]. Beijing:China Statistical Press, 2009.[戴乐平. 湖南统计年鉴2009[M]. 北京:中国统计出版社, 2009.]
[26] Duan Kai, Xiao Weihua, Mei Yadong, et al. An analysis of the impacts of large water project on water resourses utilization in the Dongting Lake region[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2012, 21(11):1389-1394.[段凯, 肖伟华, 梅亚东, 等. 大型水利工程对洞庭湖区水资源开发利用的影响[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2012, 21(11):1389-1394.]
[27] Li Jingbao, Zhong Yiwei, Zhou Yongqiang, et al. Impact of the operation of Three Gorges Reservoir on the development and utilization of water resources of northern Dongting Lake area[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2013(9):1583-1593.[李景保, 钟一苇, 周永强, 等. 三峡水库运行对洞庭湖北部地区水资源开发利用的影响[J]. 自然资源学报, 2013(9):1583-1593.]
[28] He Yong, Li Yitian, Wu Daoxi, et al. Flow and sediment process versus river health[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2006, 37(11):1354-1359.[何用, 李义天, 吴道喜, 等. 水沙过程与河流健康[J]. 水利学报, 2006, 37(11):1354-1359.]
[29] Yin Hui, Yang Bo, Jiang Zhongcheng, et al. Mutual effects between morphological characteristics and variations of flow-sediment process of Lake Dongting during 1951-2009[J]. Geographical Research, 2012, 31(3):471-483.[尹辉, 杨波, 蒋忠诚,等. 近60年洞庭湖泊形态与水沙过程的互动响应[J]. 地理研究, 2012, 31(3):471-483.]
[30] Chen Jian, Li Yitian, Sun Zhaohua, et al. Flood preventing and controlling influence of recovering flood storages of Dongting Lake[J]. Water Resources and Power, 2004, 22(2):26-29.[陈建, 李义天, 孙昭华, 等. 洞庭湖区退垸还湖的防洪效应[J]. 水电能源科学, 2004, 22(2):26-29.]

近60a来洞庭湖水位演变特征及其影响因素

Dynamics of water level of Lake Dongting during the past 60 years and the associated driving factors

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	刘叶叶, 毛德华, 杨家亮, 钱湛. 1990-2016年湘江干流水质变化特征及影响因素分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2018, 40(4): 820-827.
[2]	刘鑫, 王一博, 吕明侠, 孙岩, 杨文静, 赵金鹏. 基于主成分分析的青藏高原多年冻土区高寒草地土壤质量评价[J]. 冰川冻土, 2018, 40(3): 469-479.
[3]	杨绮丽, 何政伟. 2000-2013年甘肃敦煌市土地利用变化及其驱动因素分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2016, 38(2): 558-566.
[4]	高黎明, 张耀南, 沈永平, 张乐乐. 基于能量平衡对额尔齐斯河流域融雪过程的研究[J]. 冰川冻土, 2016, 38(2): 323-334.
[5]	汪生斌, 肖勇, 王万平, 祁泽学, 张婷婷, 赵文强. 青海省格尔木山前平原区地下水动态特征分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2016, 38(1): 241-247.
[6]	吴珂, 陈国浩, 蔡鹏, 李兵, 张翠翠, 赵娴. 山东西南部南四湖水位变化特征及其与气候要素的相关分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2015, 37(4): 1087-1093.
[7]	米丽娜, 肖洪浪, 朱文婧, 李计生, 肖生春, 李丽莉. 1985-2013年黑河中游流域地下水位动态变化特征[J]. 冰川冻土, 2015, 37(2): 461-469.
[8]	许民, 叶柏生, 赵求东. 基于GRACE重力卫星数据的黄河源区实际蒸发量估算[J]. 冰川冻土, 2013, 35(1): 138-147.
[9]	陈春珠, 黄小忠, 彭卫, 赵文伟, 赵家驹, 陈雪梅. 天山南坡小尤尔都斯盆地表土孢粉初步研究[J]. 冰川冻土, 2012, 34(6): 1526-1534.
[10]	张杨, 李胜涛, 金晓琳, 邱耿彪, 李健, 王辉. 线性工程建设对地下水流场的影响分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2012, 34(5): 1200-1205.
[11]	王生霞, 丁永建, 叶柏生, 廖杰, 谢遵义. 基于气候变化和人类活动影响的土地利用分析——以新疆阿克苏河流域绿洲为例[J]. 冰川冻土, 2012, 34(4): 828-835.
[12]	姚兴荣, 丁宏伟, 沈永平, 蓝永超, 赵玉苹, 曹晓辉, 尹政. 黑河干流拟建水利工程对下游生态环境的影响分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2012, 34(4): 934-941.
[13]	马颖钊, 易朝路, 吴家章, 金耀. 1970-2009年纳木错湖泊面积扩张的遥感卫星观测证据及原因之商榷[J]. 冰川冻土, 2012, 34(1): 81-88.
[14]	王姣妍，邓铭江，龙爱华，等. 巴尔喀什湖分湖水平衡及其影响与优化保护研究[J]. 冰川冻土, 2011, 33(6): 1353-1362.
[15]	李景保，代勇，尹辉，等. 1950-2009年洞庭湖流域农业旱灾演变特征及趋势预测[J]. 冰川冻土, 2011, 33(6): 1391-1398.